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A compressor stall occurs when there is a disruption to the flow of air in the engine compressor.

A jet engine is driven by pulling large volumes of air into the inlet. Some of this air is bypassed around the engine core, and some enters the core. Air that enters the core is compressed considerably in stages (compressed more and more as air travels toward the back) before it is mixed with fuel, ignites, and expands out the rear of the engine.

A compressor stall occurs when the pressure of air entering the engine drops below the pressure in the compressor or air within the compressor drops momentarily as a result of stalling air (disruption in air pressure). When this happens the compressed air expands and travels toward the area of less pressure (toward the front and out the back). This happens quite fast and can be explosive. In fact, many people who are lucky enough to be on a plane when a compressor stall occurs may first believe a bomb went off.

When a compressor stalls momentarily (often goes unnoticed by pilots or passengers) this is known as a compressor stall. An engine surge occurs when the compressor completely looses compression and the explosive effect is herd.

Compressor stalls and surges where more prominent in older jet engines.

Fortunately, compressor stalls or surges are extremely rare, and don't cause harm to the engine or plane. A compressor stall often will correct itself as soon as the flow of air in the engine is restored. Often times the corrective action by the pilots is to reduce engine power till the engine stabilizes. Today, with the use of Computer Aided Design (CAD), improved engine design and understanding this problem has virtually vanished.

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Q: What is a compressor stall and surge in a jet engine?
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