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Fracture
Strength of bonds between atoms
the chemical stability of minerals is depedent on the strength of the chemical bonds between atoms in the mineral.
Minerals cleave in specific directions because of the arrangement of atoms within their crystal structure. Cleavage occurs along planes of weak bonding between layers of atoms, which allows the mineral to break along these specific directions. The orientation and strength of these atomic bonds determine the cleavage pattern of a mineral.
The ability of a mineral to break along preferred directions is called cleavage. Cleavage is a result of the arrangement of atoms within the mineral structure, which causes it to break in certain directions more easily than others.
The property is referred to as cleavage or fracture, the tendency, or lack of tendency, of a mineral to break along planes of weakness. Some minerals have multiple planes of cleavage. Some have none, and are said to exhibit fracture.Cleavage is the tendency of a mineral to break along flat surfaces. The way in which a mineral breaks depends on how its atoms are bonded, or joined together. In a mineral that displays cleavage, the bonds of the crystal structure are weaker in the directions in which the mineral breaks.fracture is the tendency of a mineral to break into irregular pieces. Some minerals such as quartz break into pieces with curved surfaces. Other minerals may break differently-perhaps into splinters or into rough or jagged pieces. In a mineral that displays fracture, the bonds that join the atoms are fairly equal in strength in all directions. The mineral does not break along flat surfaces because there are no particular directions ofweakness in its crystal structure.
crystal shape
Mica exhibits cleavage, not fracture. Cleavage is a type of breakage along distinct planes due to weak bonds between atoms, resulting in smooth, flat surfaces. Conversely, fracture is an irregular breakage pattern across a mineral.
The internal arrangement of atoms in a mineral, known as its crystal structure, determines how the atoms bond and interact, which directly influences the mineral's physical properties such as hardness, cleavage, and color. For instance, the strength and type of bonding (ionic, covalent, or metallic) affect how tightly the atoms are held together, impacting the mineral's durability. Additionally, the symmetry and geometry of the atomic arrangement influence optical properties and how minerals interact with light. Overall, the internal atomic structure is fundamental in defining the characteristics and behavior of the mineral.
The dominant form of breakage for sulfur is cleavage, where the sulfur atoms break along distinct planes due to its molecular structure.
The definition of mineral atoms are as follows: The grouping of individual atoms. These atoms have electrical charges, but only by gaining electrons.
The number of atoms in a mineral varies depending on the type of mineral and its chemical composition. Typically, minerals are composed of repeating units called unit cells that contain multiple atoms. The number of atoms in a mineral can be determined by its chemical formula and the arrangement of atoms within its crystal lattice.