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Transposons are genes that move from one location to another on a chromosome. These stretches of DNA hop out of their original spot in the genome and then wedge themselves in another, random place. When they land, they may disrupt the activities of nearby genes.
In a study published last year, jumping genes normally bind to TDP-43, a protein that has been linked to frontotemporal dementia and Lou Gehrig’s disease. So these jumping genes can be helpful, or they can be a problem depending on where they land.

The research, published in Molecular Cell by a team from the University of Michigan Medical School and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, answers a key question about how 'jumping genes' move to new DNA locations.
The parasite in question isn’t a foreign beast, but rather a piece of DNA that carries its own instructions for making a piece of 'rogue' genetic material and two proteins that can help it jump. 'Jumping' allows this rogue copy to land anywhere in the DNA of a cell, causing a change called a mutation.

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