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What is a siro spun yarn?

Updated: 10/20/2022
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Fabric manufacturers use two-fold yarns for weaving because they are stronger, and the twisting operation binds the surface fibers into the yarn structure so that it is smoother and more resistant to abrasion during weaving. The SIRO Spinning Yarn Process adapted some of the self-twist discoveries of CSIRO to the ring spinning technology of the cotton and worsted system, and combined spinning and doubling in the one operation. The technology maintains two separate strands during the spinning process, and this allows a number of fibre-binding mechanisms to operate before the strands are twisted about each other. An important aspect of the SIRO Spinning Yarn Process system is a simple device to break out the remaining strand if one of the strands should be accidentally broken.

SIRO Spinning Yarn Process is especially suited to the production of lightweight trans-seasonal fabrics, and a significant proportion of the world's cotton and worsted spinning installations have been converted to this cost-saving and innovative CSIRO technology.

How SIRO Spun Yarn Process works

Spinners have long demanded spinning and twisting in a single operation. The SIRO Spinning Yarn Process process offers the solution:

Two rovings are led separately through the drafting system in parallel and are only combined once they have passed the nip point of the front top and front bottom roller. A two fold-like weave able yarn, Siro yarn, is the result.

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Siro refers to the way the thread is spun, and rayon is the type of material. Siro yarn is two strands twisted together into a 2-ply yarn as the fibers are freshly spun, rather than later in the process, thus eliminating stray fibers and creating a stronger, smoother yarn. Rayon is a synthetic material (technically "semisynthetic" or "artificial," since it is not fully synthetic) created from natural cellulose fibers (most commonly wood pulp) that has been dissolved and re-shaped into cellulose filaments. Rayon is a common inexpensive "copycat" for materials such as silk, but can be notoriously finicky for consumers, especially when it comes to wrinkling and shrinkage. "Siro rayon," therefore, refers to a specifically woven type of rayon. I have seen siro rayon listed as a component in apparel such as stretch jeans.


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The Siro process makes it possible to produce a directly weavable two ply yarn, directly at the ring spinning machine, so eliminating the usual twisting process. From this you get yarn strength, a smooth yarn, minimal hairiness and round yarn cross section


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