The correct name for the organization is The Philadelphia Orchestra always with a capital T in The.
Most orchestras are comprised of 'families' of instruments and include the following:
Other instruments like the Harp or the Piano are added if the score calls for them.
None, really. An Orchestra is defined as a large group of musicians that represent the four families of instruments (strings, woodwinds, brass & percussion). Some examples:
In both cases above, they are both "orchestras."
When used as an adjective it means devoted to the performance, appreciation or study of music.
When used as a noun, in reference to an orchestra for example, it generally means that the orchestra is funded or sponsored by a specific group or institution.
A symphony orchestra is a large instrumental ensemble which is basically made up of four groups of instruments: stringed, woodwind, brass and percussion.
A philharmonic orchestra is a term used to describe a professional orchestra. Example: New York Philharmonic Orchestra.
It's an orchestra that follows a harmonic beat
Evansville Philharmonic Orchestra was created in 1934.
Tokyo Philharmonic Orchestra was created in 1911.
Bucheon Philharmonic Orchestra was created in 1988.
Louisiana Philharmonic Orchestra was created in 1991.
Royal Philharmonic Orchestra was created in 1946.
The Philharmonic Orchestra was created in 1998.
Birmingham Philharmonic Orchestra was created in 1941.
Netherlands Philharmonic Orchestra was created in 1985.
Columbus Philharmonic Orchestra was created in 1941.
Cali Philharmonic Orchestra was created in 2002.
Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra was created in 1934.
Cleveland Philharmonic Orchestra was created in 1938.
Siam Philharmonic Orchestra was created in 2002.
Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra was created in 1765.
Boulder Philharmonic Orchestra was created in 1958.
Cape Philharmonic Orchestra was created in 1914.
Osaka Philharmonic Orchestra was created in 1947.