A tornado
Cumulus cloud.
It depends on the temperature of the air around the cloud. A cumulus cloud is formed by warm air rising into a layer of cooler air, so the base of the cloud will be warmer and the air will get colder toward the top of the cloud. If water vapor condenses out of the air as it rises in the cloud, this will warm up the air in the middle of the cloud.
Tornadoes are caused when a cloud of the right size precipitates rapidly releasing heat, which causes it to rise, and creates a vacuum under it. Air rushing under it creates the vortex.
Convection cause the rising of air, rising air expands due to decreased pressure, which causes it to cool, which causes condenation. Condensation = rapid cloud building. The cumulus stage is characterized by updraft only.
When the cumulus cloud becomes very large, the water in it become large and heavy. Raindrops start to fall through the cloud when the rising air can no longer hold them up. Meanwhile, cool dry air starts to enter the cloud. Because cool air is heavier than warm air, it starts to descend in the cloud (known as a downdraft). The downdraft pulls the heavy water downward, making rain. This cloud has become a cumulonimbus cloud because it has an updraft, a downdraft, and rain. Lightning and thunder start to occur, as well as heavy rain. The cumulonimbus is now a thunderstorm cell.
This is a tornado.
tornado
tornado
A vortex is form when the whirling motion of the cloud vortex results from a rapid downdraft of cold air replacing rising hot air.
tornado
Rising convectively, a cumulus cloud is the most common.
A funnel cloud forms when the vortex of a developing tornado draws in moist air. As the air enters the vortex it undergoes a pressure drop, which in turn produce a temperature drop. This causes the moisture to condense and form a funnel cloud.
I think the word you're looking for is "vortex".
Rising hot air and water condensing out of that air.
The funnel cloud marks the location of a vortex where air spirals upward. This vortex formed from a larger vortex called mesocyclone, which was squeezed by a downdraft, causing it to tighten in diameter, intensify, and stretch vertically. This stretching causes it to extend downward.
The heat from condensation makes the rising air warmer and stay less dense than the air around it.
A tornadic vortex that is developing but has not yet reached the ground is called a funnel cloud.