A round window in the hull (originally any opening in the hull) is called a porthole. A window in the superstructure is a window.
Tack
It is called a brig.
The ship they are aboard is called the Rangoon.
He sailed aboard a ship called "Welcome".
Still a cook - but the kitchen is a galley
same as on a ship, the galley
Stowaway
Yes
It is about 103 people aboard the Mayflower ship!
they came aboard on the ship to go to the island.
* porthole
It was called steerage.