What is a xanthonoid?

What are the contents in mango leaf?

Mango contains a variety of phytochemicals[24] and nutrients. The fruit pulp is high in prebiotic dietary fiber, vitamin C, diverse polyphenols and provitamin A carotenoids.[25] In mango fruit pulp, the antioxidant vitamins A and C, Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), folate, other B vitamins and essential nutrients, such as potassium, copper and amino acids, are present. Mango peel and pulp contain other phytonutrients, such as the pigment antioxidants - carotenoids and polyphenols - and omega-3 and -6 polyunsaturated fatty acids.[26] Mango peel contains pigments that may have antioxidant properties,[24][27] including carotenoids, such as the provitamin A compound, beta-carotene, lutein and alpha-carotene,[28] polyphenols[29][30] such as quercetin, kaempferol, gallic acid, caffeic acid, catechins, tannins, and the unique mango xanthonoid, mangiferin,[31] any of which may counteract free radicals in various disease processes as revealed in preliminary research.[32][33] Phytochemical and nutrient content appears to vary across mango species.[34] Up to 25 different carotenoids have been isolated from mango pulp, the densest of which was beta-carotene, which accounts for the yellow-orange pigmentation of most mango species.[35] Peel and leaves also have significant polyphenol content, including xanthonoids, mangiferin and gallic acid.[36] The mango triterpene, lupeol,[37] is an effective inhibitor in laboratory models of prostate and skin cancers.[38][39][40] An extract of mango branch bark called Vimang, isolated by Cuban scientists, contains numerous polyphenols with antioxidant properties in vitro[41] and on blood parameters of elderly humans.[42] The pigment euxanthin, known as Indian yellow, is often thought to be produced from the urine of cattle fed mango leaves; the practice is described as having been outlawed in 1908 due to malnutrition of the cows and possible urushiol poisoning.[43] This supposed origin of euxanthin appears to rely on a single, anecdotal source, and Indian legal records do not outlaw such a practice.[44]

What is a xanthonoid?

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What are the contents in mango leaf?

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