it's just saliva, or (genetically) they might add things to it to help grow fungus where they put it.
yes
Bat heads, saliva, and fire ants (for the colour ;D )
they use bones left over from the insects they feed on stuck together by the queens saliva
black ants, brown ants, red ants, bejo beads, wolf spiders, cicada crickets, katydids, the clear-winged Seranious butterfly, goat saliva, and something in Sierra's tea.
the ants dig tunnels that rarely collaspe by spreading silk(from larvea), saliva and feces over tunnels dug with their jaws.
The echidna has a long tongue with sticky saliva, which it uses to catch and eat termites and ants.
The anteater's tongue can reach two feet (60 cm) in length, with a width of only 1/2 inch (12.5 mm). The anteater can cover its tongue in a sticky saliva, allowing it to trap ants, and can extend and withdraw it up to 150 times per minute
The glucose in apples highly outweighs the amount of glucose in pears, therefore, apples have a higher sugar rate, probably making apples taste better to ants. In addition, the apples have a high vitamin C level, but pears are only high in Vitamin D, which ants can easily get from sunlight. The vitamin C and glucose levels can easily be dissolved by their gastric juice and enzymes in their saliva, once glucose and vitamin C are digested in the mouth by saliva, it will leave a sugary taste, which every ant will be probable to like.
Yes ants do produce ants to continue the family.
red ants
Elmo's Ants.
These are all types of ants