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What medicine is available to treat malaria?
Chloroquine is the drug of choice for malaria. You have quinine, artemisinin derivatives like sodium aremether and artesunate, sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine combinations and many more for chloroquine resistant falciparum malaria.
Is chloroquine a vaccine for malaria?
There is no vaccine for malaria but chloroquine is a drug of choice for suppression and therapeutic treatment of Plasmodium infection, followed by primaquine for radical care and elimination of gametocytes. Chloroquine-resistant forms of Plasmodium can be treated with mefloquine +/- artesunate, artemisinin, quinine, pyrimethane-sulfadoxine (Fansidar) and doxycycline. All of these antimalarials are only used for chemoprophylaxis and not as a vaccine. All in all, you can prevent infection with Plasmodium by using those antimalarials.
What is schizontocide?
The spellings schizonticide and schizontocide are both encountered. Schizontocides are drugs used in the treatment of malaria which act against blood stage parasites. Despite the name, formed schizonts are in fact relatively drug resistant. The earlier parasite stages- mature trophozoites are more drug sensitive. Examples of schizontocides are quinine and artesunate. A schizont is, in certain Sporozoa, a cell formed by the growth of a sporozoite or merozoite (in a cell or corpuscle of the host) which divide into merozoites
What is the Herbal drug is used to cure malaria?
Lime and lemon play a vital role in the treatment of quartan type of malarial fever. About three grams of lime and a juice of 1 lemon should be dissolved in about 60 ml of water. This mixture can be taken before you suspect the attack to take place.
How do you treat malaria disease?
they have gotten rid of the most areas where water piles up, such as bird baths, ponds, and other water sources that. This helps because this is where the mosquitos "hang out" and lay their eggs. If we all get rid of our places where water can pile up, What_has_the_government_done_to_slow_the_spread_of_malariawill be controlled in a better way! (not lakes, and ponds.) TRY THIS! if you have a swimming pool in your yard, cover it up when not in use! hope i helped save several lives!
How do you treat malaria?
You kill the falciparum or it will kill you. First and foremost, is to be aware that every patient of malaria can be of falciparum malaria. You give total course of chloroquine to the patient. Admit him, when he does not respond adequately. The next 'drug' for falciparum malaria is 'Alum'. Give him alum of about the size of medium sized ground nut, crushed, two times a days for one to two days with sugar solution. Also start artesunate with lumefantrine combination with fatty meal. Patient will generally respond to this therapy unless you made delay in starting the treatment. Give proton pump inhibitor from day one of chloroquine therapy. Alternately you can give quinine also along with alum. After three days of therapy, with artesunte and lumefantrine, alum therapy, give the mefloquine 4 to 6 tablets. Also give primaquine 15 mg twice a day for say, 5 to 7 days. Patient must be given multivitamin preparation with no more than one mg of folic acid. Larger doses, like in injection victofol will invite the malaria, back. By the grace of God you will not sign the death certificate, if you 'care'.
How do you treat falciparam malaria?
You kill the falciparum or it will kill you. First and foremost, is to be aware that every patient of malaria can be of falciparum malaria. You give total course of chloroquine to the patient. Admit him, when he does not respond adequately. The next 'drug' for falciparum malaria is 'Alum'. Give him alum of about the size of medium sized ground nut, crushed, two times a days for one to two days with sugar solution. Also start artesunate with lumefantrine combination with fatty meal. Patient will generally respond to this therapy unless you made delay in starting the treatment. Give proton pump inhibitor from day one of chloroquine therapy. Alternately you can give quinine also along with alum. After three days of therapy, with artesunte and lumefantrine, alum therapy, give the mefloquine 4 to 6 tablets. Also give primaquine 15 mg twice a day for say, 5 to 7 days. Patient must be given multivitamin preparation with no more than one mg of folic acid. Larger doses, like in injection victofol will invite the malaria, back. By the grace of God you will not sign the death certificate, if you 'care'.
Malaria?
DefinitionMalaria is a parasitic disease that involves high fevers, shaking chills, flu-like symptoms, and anemia.Alternative NamesQuartan malaria; Falciparum malaria; Biduoterian fever; Blackwater fever; Tertian malaria; PlasmodiumCauses, incidence, and risk factorsMalaria is caused by a parasite that is transmitted from one human to another by the bite of infected Anophelesmosquitoes. In humans, the parasites (called sporozoites) travel to the liver, where they mature and release another form, the merozoites. These enter the bloodstream and infect the red blood cells.The parasites multiply inside the red blood cells, which then rupture within 48 to 72 hours, infecting more red blood cells. The first symptoms usually occur 10 days to 4 weeks after infection, though they can appear as early as 8 days or as long as a year after infection. Then the symptoms occur in cycles of 48 to 72 hours.The majority of symptoms are caused by the massive release of merozoites into the bloodstream, the anemia resulting from the destruction of the red blood cells, and the problems caused by large amounts of free hemoglobin released into circulation after red blood cells rupture.Malaria can also be transmitted from a mother to her unborn baby (congenitally) and by blood transfusions. Malaria can be carried by mosquitoes in temperate climates, but the parasite disappears over the winter.The disease is a major health problem in much of the tropics and subtropics. The CDC estimates that there are 300-500 million cases of malaria each year, and more than 1 million people die. It presents a major disease hazard for travelers to warm climates.In some areas of the world, mosquitoes that carry malaria have developed resistance to insecticides. In addition, the parasites have developed resistance to some antibiotics. This has led to difficulty in controlling both the rate of infection and spread of this disease.Falciparum malaria, one of four different types of malaria, affects a greater proportion of the red blood cells than the other types and is much more serious. It can be fatal within a few hours of the first symptoms.SymptomsAnemiaChillsComaConvulsionFeverHeadacheJaundiceMuscle painNauseaStools, bloodySweatingVomitingSigns and testsDuring a physical examination, the doctor may identify an enlarged liver or an enlarged spleen. Malaria blood smears taken at 6 to 12 hour intervals confirm the diagnosis.TreatmentMalaria, especially Falciparum malaria, is a medical emergency requiring hospitalization. Chloroquine is a frequently used anti-malarial medication, but quinidine or quinine plus doxycycline, tetracycline, or clindamycin; or atovaquone plus proguanil (Malarone); or mefloquine or artesunate; or the combination of pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine, are given for chloroquine-resistant infections. The choice of medication depends in part on where you were when you were infected.Aggressive supportive medical care, including intravenous (IV) fluids and other medications and breathing (respiratory) support may be needed.Expectations (prognosis)The outcome is expected to be good in most cases of malaria with treatment, but poor in Falciparum infection with complications.ComplicationsDestruction of blood cells (hemolytic anemia)Liver failure and kidney failureMeningitisRespiratory failure from fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema)Rupture of the spleen leading to massive internal bleeding (hemorrhage)Calling your health care providerCall your health care provider if you develop fever and headache after visiting the tropics.PreventionMost people living in areas where malaria is common have acquired some immunity to the disease. Visitors will not have immunity, and should take preventive medications. It is important to see your health care provider well before your trip, because treatment may begin is long as 2 weeks before travel to the area, and continue for a month after you leave the area. The types of anti-malarial medications prescribed will depend on the area you visit. According to the CDC, travelers to South America, Africa, the Indian subcontinent, Asia, and the South Pacific should take one of the following drugs: mefloquine, doxycycline, choroquine, hydroxychoroquine, or Malarone.Even pregnant women should take preventive medications because the risk to the fetus from the medication is less than the risk of acquiring a congenital infection.People on anti-malarial medications may still become infected. Avoid mosquito bites by wearing protective clothing over the arms and legs, using screens on windows, and using insect repellent.Chloroquine has been the drug of choice for protection from malaria. But because of resistance, it is now only suggested for use in areas where Plasmodium vivax, P. oval, and P. malariae are present. Falciparum malaria is becoming increasingly resistant to anti-malarial medications.For travelers going to areas where Falciparum malaria is known to occur, there are several options for malaria prevention, including mefloquine, atovaquone/Proguanil (Malarone), and doxycycline.Travelers can call the CDC for information on types of malaria in a given geographical area, preventive drugs, and times of the year to avoid travel. See: www.cdc.govReferencesKrogstad DJ. Malaria. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds.Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier. 2007: chap 366.
