There are a couple of experiments that have been carried out to show how complex polysynaptic reflexes are. Firstly, an experiment was carried out with a bird after its brain had been removed. It was expected that the bird would not be able to fly. However, it managed to fly to the nearest ledge. This shows that flying does not require motor cortex.
Secondly, an experiment was carried out with a cat that had its spinal cord cut. The cat still withdrew its paw when it was subject to painful stimuli.
When touching a hot teapot, the hand muscles immediately contracts.
An effector is at the end of a reflex arc as it is the muscle or gland that 'does' the reflex. What the effector does is the outcome of the reflex arc.
A reflex arc does not pass through the brain. The somatic reflex arc and autonomic reflex arc are two types.
The patellar reflex is an example of a 2-neuron reflex arc. It has 1 sensory neuron and 1 motor neuron. It does not contain an association neuron and so is considered the most simple reflex in humans.
spinal cordautotomicspinal cord in the central nervous system controls reflex arc and reflex action.
Damage to the spine can affect the reflex arc by delaying the nerve pathway or making it so you are unable to move a muscle.
An effector is at the end of a reflex arc as it is the muscle or gland that 'does' the reflex. What the effector does is the outcome of the reflex arc.
Hormones have nothing to do in reflex arc.
reflex arc
The pathway that an impulse travels from your foot back to your leg is an example of a reflex arc. A reflex arc includes a sensory receptor (in this case, a receptor in your toe), sensory neuron, motor neuron, and effector (leg muscle). Some reflex arcs include interneurons. In other reflex arcs, a sensory neuron communicates directly with a motor neuron.
Muscles and glands are the possible effectors of a reflex arc
A reflex arc does not pass through the brain. The somatic reflex arc and autonomic reflex arc are two types.
A sensory receptor is the type of neuron that begins a reflex arc.
The reflex arc is the nerve pathway that the signal follows. For example, the knee jerk reflex arc has a stimulus going to an interneuron in the spine and a motor neuron completes the arc by causing the knee to jerk. A reflex is just the action itself.
Reflex Arc
Reflex Arc
Reflexes are uncontrollable movements that happen almost instantly in response to a stimuli. A reflex arc, a neuronal circuit that controls reflexes, is where reflex activities takes place.
what is the role of sensory and motor neurones in a reflex arc