it is completely random which is a huge influence for species diversity
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Selection pressure caused by the invasive species entering the ecosystem. They would be possibly competing for the same resources with different traits that might favor one species traits over the others on average. The native species is a population of variants, so some among the native population could compete with the invasive species on a more equal footing. These would be naturally selected by being reproductively sucessful, ultimately, and thus change the allele frequency in the native populations gene pool; the definition of evolution.
smaller are selected for and larger are selected against
Some traits are accidental. Genetics have an element of random variation whether by the recombination of genetics that comes with sexual reproduction, or by mutation, and while some changes can be selected for or selected against by the evolutionary pressure described as "survival of the fittest" there are also changes that make little if any difference to the survival of the organism or of the species, and so, they are not subject to evolutionary pressure. Therefore they are not adaptations, they are just accidents.
R- Selected species have high population densities while k-selected species have lower population densities
An r-selected species is an animal with a high growth rate and offspring with a lower chance of living past adulthood. Examples of r-selected species are small rodents, mammals and grass.
K-selected
Those are reproductive strategies that identify certain species. R-selected are those that reproduce rapidly and produce a lot of progeny; bacteria are an example. K-selected are those that reproduce very slowly and are slow to mature; humans are a k-selected species. Population density is the number of organisms per unit area. Some organisms don' t like to be crowded, so the density can affect the population size. Also, some limiting factors are density-dependent, like food or living space.
Because of their inability to reproduce rapidly, "k"-selected species tend to be more sensitive to change and are, therefore, less able to adapt to a rapidly changing environment. This is what makes them susceptible to endangerment. - See more at: http://www.chacha.com/question/why-are-pest-species-likely-to-be-extreme-r%26%2345%3Bselected-species#sthash.E2Anrl2s.dpuf
K-selected species are present in environments that are predictable and where resources aren't necessarily fought over. A k-selected species will produce less frequently and with few children than an R (or S) selected species. It's the concept of quality over quantity. K-selected species are typically bigger, take longer to reach maturity, and live longer.
k selected
Those are reproductive strategies that identify certain species. R-selected are those that reproduce rapidly and produce a lot of progeny; bacteria are an example. K-selected are those that reproduce very slowly and are slow to mature; humans are a k-selected species. Population density is the number of organisms per unit area. Some organisms don' t like to be crowded, so the density can affect the population size. Also, some limiting factors are density-dependent, like food or living space.
K selected
The r and K selection theory refers to two different reproductive strategies in ecology. r-selected species typically have many offspring, grow quickly, and have a high reproductive rate. K-selected species have fewer offspring, invest more resources in each offspring, and have a lower reproductive rate. These strategies are shaped by different environmental conditions and life history traits.
Snakes display both r and K traits. They are much longer lived, produce a moderate number of eggs (some species far fewer than others). The issue with the r/K equation is that there are too many species that have the characteristics of both the r and K types which renders the information either obvious...like humans being a definite K to some frogs that are definitely r...or with some calculated value that is essentially too general for use.
Takashimaya, selected Isetans and selected Toys R Us carry them.