Maybe you're looking for the term "stereotyped". This means assuming everyone who is in a certain class, race or status have the same characteristics. For example here is one that is a false label or stereotype - "All black men are criminals." Not true! That would be a false label or stereotype. Shame on folks who do this! :-)
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False leg or a False Foot
You are thinking of the term Dutch Courage.
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Pseudesthesia is the medical term meaning false sensation.
A beta error is another term for a type II error, an instance of accepting the null hypothesis when the null hypothesis is false.
False is my answer. The term originated years after Adams died.
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A false limb is a prosthetic limb.
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The term 'false feet' is the plural form; the singular form is 'false foot'.
That term is "alias".