maybe "ascending action"?
Climax.
the turning point in a story is called "le tournant"
Bringing it in!
A tuning point in my life was getting married.
Judgment or turning point.
cnc lathe
yeah: dumping
The battle of Stalingrad is considered a turning point in World War Two, it led to the defeat of the Germans in the West.
Revolution or maybe Transposition (?) Transformation or change your life. For instance, if you're a chain smoker or a heavy alcoholic drinker, turn your life around by totally leaving these bad things, stop smoking and drinking.
Condensation point
Another word for turning away your attention is to divert someone away from something. distract , distraction(s), distracted, one of those variants depending on context
Anecdote is an interesting or amusing story.
Frame story - such as 'Heart of Darkness'.