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The genome of viruses can mutate over time through a variety of mechanisms. Some viruses are more prone to these mutations than others. When the genome changes, this changes the proteins that are expressed by the virus, included the proteins that are present on the surface of the virus. These proteins are the antigens that are recognised by the host immune system and which trigger the immune response. Antigenic drift is when the genome of the virus mutates thus changing the antigens expressed by the virus. This means that an individual immunized against a virus may not be protected if the virus undergoes antigenic drift as the proteins present of the surface of the virus are not the same as the virus against which the individual was immunized.
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What is h and o antigens?
H antigens correspond to the antigenic type of the bacterial flagellaO antigens correspond to the antigenic type of the Lipopolysaccharide layer on the outer membrane of gram negative bacteriabacteria all have different antigenic types on their surface which react to different types of antibodies and are classified using this method. For example the pathogenic E. coli O157:H7 has the designation 157 for its O antigen meaning it will not react with antibodies with a different serotype.
A random change in a population's allele frequency?
Evolution is the change in allele frequency over time in a population of organisms. By mutation, genetic drift, gene flow and natural selection.
What is a Compound word for drift?
driftwood
What is a strategic drift?
A strategic drift, is where strategies progressively fail to address the strategic position of the organization and this is frequently followed by transformational change and demise.
What is instrumental drift?
Instrumental drift is the systematic time variation of the instrumental zero value. (A small) temporal variation of the zero reading of the gravimeter.
Is swine flu H1N1 an antigenic shift or drift?
antigenic shift
Does the influenza virus readily change the expressions of its genetic material?
RNA genome of influenza virus is segmented in to 7 pieces. It has the unique property of undergoing two types of genetic variation ie antigenic drift and antigenic shift. In antigenic drift the antigenic variations are minor where genetic recombination take place between strains of two similar species whereas in antigenic shift the recombination take place between strains of dissimilar species leading to major antigenic variations and hence seasonal epidemics.
What are difference between antigen drift and antigenic shift?
Both are mutation occurs in virus (usually influenza). But the difference is: antigenic drift are mutation occurs in viral DNA/RNA that cause a person to be re-infected by the virus. while antigenic shift are mutation occurs in viral characteristic, which cause transition from being able to infect poultry ONLY (not human), --> able to infect BOTH poultry and human.
What is CTL escape mutant?
These virus have changed their recognition sequence either via mutation or antigenic drift and are able to escape cytotoxic T lymphocytes of the immune response
Antigenic determinants is the site of an antobody?
Words " Antigenic Determinant " itself yells that it is on antigen
Can monoclonal antibodies be specific for multiple antigenic determinants?
No, they are pure antibody preparations specific for a single antigenic determinant.
What are haptens?
antigenic when bound to proteins
What is antigenic variation?
An antigenic variation is the mechanism by which an infectious organism changes its surface proteins in favour of circumventing a host immune response.
What is an antigenic variation?
An antigenic variation is the mechanism by which an infectious organism changes its surface proteins in favour of circumventing a host immune response.
What are antigens with only one antigenic site called?
Antigens with only one antigenic site are called Major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
Small molecules that bind with self-proteins to produce antigenic substances are called?
Small molecules that bind with self-proteins to produce antigenic substances are called happens. The unique area that a lymphocyte recognizes and binds to an antigenic determinant.
What the name of a diamond in geometry?
the technical is a antigenic, frogulation.
