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An arteriolosclerosis is a hardening, narrowing, or loss of elasticity in the arterioles.
Troy O'Keefe
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What is an arteriolosclerosis?
An arteriolosclerosis is a hardening, narrowing, or loss of elasticity in the arterioles.
How does hyaline thicken?
Hyaline arteriolosclerosis is caused by a leaky endothelium causes plasma components to deposit in arteriolar walls. This leads to hyaline thickening of the walls and luminal narrowing.
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What is atheroscleosis?
Atherosclerosis is disease of the arteries when you get thickening and hardening of the vessels causing obstruction to the flow of blood. If it is in the arteries of the brain you can get stroke, dementia and death
What body system does arterioles belong?
The circulatory systemAn arteriole /ɑrˈtɪəri.oʊl/ is a small diameter blood vessel in the microcirculation that extends and branches out from an artery and leads to capillaries.Arterioles have muscular walls (usually only one to two layers of smooth muscle) and are the primary site of vascular resistance. The greatest change in blood pressure and velocity of blood flow occurs at the transition of arterioles to capillaries. This reduces the pressure and velocity of flow for gas and nutrient exchange to occur within the capillaries. Arterioles receive autonomic nervous system innervation and respond to various circulating hormones in order to regulate their diameter. Further local responses to stretch, carbon dioxide, pH, and oxygen also influence tone. Generally, norepinephrine and epinephrine (hormones produced by sympathetic nerves and the adrenal gland medulla)are vasoconstrictive acting on alpha 1-adrenergic receptors. However, the arterioles of skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and pulmonary circulation vasodilate in response to these hormones acting on beta-adrenergic receptors. Generally, stretch and high oxygen tension increase tone,and carbon dioxide and low pH promote vasodilation. Pulmonary arterioles are a noteworthy exception as they vasodilate to high oxygen. Brain arterioles are particularly sensitive to pH with reduced pH promoting vasodilation. A number of hormones influce arteriole tone such as angiotensin II (vasoconstrictive),endothelin (vasoconstrictive),bradykinin (vasodilation), atrial natruretic peptide (vasodilation), and prostacyclin (vasodilation).Blood pressure in the arteries supplying the body is a result of the work needed to pump the cardiac output (the flow of blood pumped by the heart) through the vascular resistance, usually termed total peripheral resistance by physicians and researchers. An increase in the media to lumenal diameter ratio has been observed in hypertensive arterioles (arteriolosclerosis)as the vascular wall thickens and/or lumenal diameter decreases.
What is artheroma?
From Wikipedia. . . .In pathology, an atheroma is an accumulation and swelling in artery walls made up of (mostly) macrophage cells, or debris, and containing lipids (cholesterol and fatty acids), calcium and a variable amount of fibrous connective tissue. Atheroma occurs in atherosclerosis, which is one of the three subtypes of arteriosclerosis (which are atherosclerosis, Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis and arteriolosclerosis).In the context of heart or artery matters, atheromata are commonly referred to as atheromatous plaques. It is an unhealthy condition, but is found in most humans.These anatomic lesions usually begin in some children younger than age one year and all children older than age 10 regardless of geography, race, sex, or environment. Veins do not develop atheromata, unless surgically moved to function as an artery, as in bypass surgery. The accumulation (swelling) is always between the endothelium lining and the smooth muscle wall central region (media) of the arterial tube (see IMT). While the early stages, based on gross appearance, have traditionally been termed fatty streaks by pathologists, they are not composed of fat cells, i.e. adipose cells, but of accumulations of white blood cells, especially macrophages, that have taken up oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL). After they accumulate large amounts of cytoplasmic membranes (with associated high cholesterol content) they are called foam cells. When foam cells die, their contents are released, which attracts more macrophages and creates an extracellular lipid core near the center to inner surface of each atherosclerotic plaque. Conversely, the outer, older portions of the plaque become more calcified, less metabolically active and more physically stiff over time.
What are the symptoms of high blood pressure?
High blood pressure usually causes no symptoms.the symptoms are usually mild and nonspecificFor that reason, high blood pressure is often called "the silent killer."People who have high blood pressure typically don't know it until their blood pressure is measured in a routine check up or in other circumstances.Sometimes high blood pressure patients have the following symptoms:* Headache* Dizziness* Nausea* Blurred visionThe symptoms are so vague and non-specific, that's one of the problems with high BP. In the past it was considered to be a normal part of aging, and doctors considered that elevated BP was natural. Now researchers recognize that elevated BP causes kidney damage, elevated risk for stroke and heart attack leading to heart damage.Some of the symptoms of high blood pressure include headaches and dizziness. However these are quite common and might not make someone automatically think they have high blood pressure so it is worth getting checked by the doctor if this sort of thing happens a lot in case it is serious.
