What is basis of heredity?

Answer 1

The traits our body has whether they be apparent or not are the result of DNA. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. The basic idea is that DNA traits results from the sequence of four nitrogenous bases. They are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. They pair with each other in the following way: adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine.

DNA is a double helix structure, which is basically two ladders twisted around each other. The two strands are attached by the nitrogenous bases mentioned before.

The first idea of DNA's relationship towards heredity is that when the cell divides and forms new cells such ,as when sperm and egg meet, the two strands are pulled apart. From this both of the strands are copied to form what is called RNA, which is ribonucleic acid. Now that there is a copy of the DNA, the process goes onto processing of the RNA strands. That entails deleting parts of it and preparing it for the next step.

After this, a cellular structure called a ribosome attaches to the RNA. It goes through the whole RNA strand, three nitrogenous bases at a time. This process all takes place inside of the cell but outside of the nucleus. Inside this, there are these structures known as tRNA. They attach to the ribosome in a way that they match with the RNA strand. Furthermore, at the end of the tRNA is an amino acid.

So, when this is done, there is a chain of amino acids. This is a protein. Proteins are the building blocks of an organism. So, to summarize, the sequence in which the nitrogenous bases are presented in DNA relates to the formation of proteins and the traits of the organism.