What is belived to be responsible for the earth's magnetic field?

Answer 1

The earth's magnetic field arises from the core of the earth(that we know) but why? Have you ever heard of lodestones? Well they are naturally occurring magnets. They are basically composed of ferromagnetic materials like iron. Their magnetic property arises because the iron stays aligned with the magnetic field lines of the earth leading to a change in the arrangement of their electrons.

But our discussion is for the origin of earth's magnetism. Well the core of the earth is composed of materials like Nickel and Iron, hence the core is sometimes called NiFe. Due to hot temperatures and pressure the electrons in the core are constantly changing positions and hence giving out a magnetic flux. The flux density is what gives the field.

Answer 2

A spinning iron core at the center of the Earth.

Answer 3

Currents in the liquid parts of the (iron) core.

Answer 4

the air.