coalescence when cloud droplets collide, then join together to form a larger droplet in a process
Bajadas
The word coalesce is a verb. The past tense is coalesced.
It states that asteroids are leftover rocky matter that never successfully coalesced into a planet.
The dust that remained after the sun formed coalesced to form planets, asteroids, and comets.
Yes; they are second cousins. The entire solar system coalesced from the same collapsing nebula, so yes, they might be considered to be "related".
They formed naturally, as material in the nascent solar disk coalesced. We can tell this by the pock marked surfaces of the planets, asteroids, and moons.
Probably there were more meteors at that time. Eventually, many of them coalesced into larger bodies - planets and planetoids.
Before that, there was a cloud of dust and gas. This coalesced due to gravitation. For some details about this process, you may want to read the Wikipedia article on "Protostar".
It is currently believed that the Moon was created as a result of a huge asteroid colliding with Earth. Part of the material getting out of Earth must have coalesced and formed the Moon.
Mercury was discovered visually by looking at the sky shortly before sunrise or shortly after sunset. It was discovered in antiquity.
The Earth is believed to have coalesced as a solid body roughly 4.5 billion years ago.
Coalesced magma bodies are referred to as plutonic rocks, they have a porphyritic texture or larger crystals since elements are allotted more time to segregate to their desired energy environments and precipitate minerals.