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Conduction and convection are two modes of heat transfer. Convection involves the movement of particles while conduction does not. 

Conduction is possible in solids, liquids and gases; while convection is observed only in liquids and gases.


ConductionDuring conduction, heat is transferred due to the vibration of the molecules. A molecule at a higher temperature has more energy, and hence vibrates faster. It collides with other atoms and passes energy onto it. The chain continues and heat is transferred without any appreciable movement of molecules.


Convection
In convection, the particles move around in the fluid, transferring energy to the colder molecules. For example, when heating water in a vessel on a stove, the water at the bottom is heated first. It rises to the top and the cooler water flows down to be heated. This continues and heat is transferred throughout the fluid. Heat is transferred with the movement of molecules.
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