The Gregorian Calendar is solar and the Hebrew Calendar is lunisolar.
Notsrim (× ×•×¦×¨×™×) is the Hebrew word for Christians, but Noserim doesn't appear to be a Hebrew word.
No,Circumcision definitely dates back to the ancient Egyptians. which is most likely also origin Hebrew circumcision. The origin of circumcision is unknown. According to the Torah, Abraham circumcised himself and Isaac, but it is unknown if the tradition was known to other peoples at the time.
If you're talking about translations of the word History:Modern Hebrew = הִיסטוֹרִיָה (historiya).Biblical Hebrew = תוֹלְדוֹת (toldot)Greek = ιστορία (istoría)
circumcision = מילה (meelah) covenant of circumcision = ברית מילה (brit milah), commonly called a bris by American Jews.
Formally in Hebrew, it's a "BREET mee-LAH", often abbreviated as "BREET".
Yisra'el (ישראל) is the Hebrew word for Israel. So there's no difference except in language.
There is no source on the Internet for that has the prayers transliterated. The best I can do is attach a link (below) that has the full Hebrew text with a translation.
shimcha (שמך) = "your name"simcha (שמחה) = "happiness"
Sumerian societies are not mentioned in the Book of Exodus.
Christians call the Hebrew Bible the Old Testament.
Kippah is singular, while kippot is plural.