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A router is a layer 3 device that allows different networks to be connected together. This device has to find the network address of the sender and receiver to determine whether or not to route a packet from one network to the next.

A bridge is a layer 2 device, and only looks at MAC addresses. It is commonly used in LAN environments to segregate LAN segments; it will forward packets from one end of the bridge to another if the target MAC addresses are in the bridge's table. This helps to keep traffic that is destined for the same network segment in that segment and not sent across the entire network.

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