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This depends on the location and severity of the clot, among other things. If the patient has a deep vein thrombosis, they will be placed on a form of heparin in order to 'thin' the blood to prevent further growth of the clot and to prevent additional clot formation. Heparin will continue until the patient has been taking Coumadin (Warfarin) for a few days as it takes time for the therapeutic level to be reached. Once the patient is at the desired clotting time with Coumadin, the heparin will be discontinued. The clot is often left to dissolve over time and the patient continues coumadin for several months, or for the rest of their life depending on the cause of the clot and their comorbidities.
If the clot needs to be removed, it can be removed surgically. If a clot needs dissolved, as with an ischemic stroke or a heart attack - clot busting drugs like alteplase can be given. Unlike heparin/coumadin, this type of drug actually breaks down the clot - and all other clots in the body.
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