CPU
Motherboard
Ram
Graphics controller
Hard drive
Optical Drive
A computer system is a collection of components that together help process, organize, store and retrieve data. Every computer system is composed of hardware and software.
Drivers are programs designed to enable your computer's operating system communicate with your computer's hardware. Since there are many computer electronics manufacturers and all of them have their own manufacturing processes, the way they communicate differs. This means that each manufacturer has to write (in some programming language) a set of instructions that your operating system will the use to effectively use the installed hardware. Drivers are necessary for nearly every piece of hardware, i.e. motherboards, graphics cards, network cards, input and output devices such as a keyboard, mouse, printers, drawing tablets etc.
Not necessarily. The Windows operating system will work on any computer that meets the minimum system requirements. There are articles on Wikipedia that will tell you what the hardware requirements for each version are.
input output storage processing communication
computer hardware
The three components are interconnected in the sense that they work together to create a functioning system. The hardware provides the physical components for computing, the software provides the instructions for the hardware to execute tasks, and data is the information that is processed by the hardware and software. Together, they form the foundation of a computer system.
A Network interface card, NIC, or Network card is an electronic device that connects a computer to a computer network, usually a LAN. It is considered a piece of computer hardware. Today, most computers are equipped with network cards.
Hardware and software mapping is a process that allows a processor to identify and track the location of each additional piece of hardware or software. Such as when installing a new driver or installing a new game or application. These allow the proccessor to identify where the new hardware or software is located so when the computer needs to access those files or uses the hardware, it knows where to go to in order for it to work as it is expected.
Assuming you're talking about the 'operating system' - such as Windows or Linux... The system software 'talks' to every part of the computer, and any device that's plugged into it. This allows each component to do the 'job' its designed for.
The system "bleeps" is used for locating potential problems with the computer. A single "bleep" means that the computer is running without any hardware problems. If it "bleeps" more than one time it means that there is some sort of hardware error. Each motherboard have its own "bleeb-codesystem" to find out what the sequence means you'll have to find the manual for the motherboard in your computer.
Each computer is built differently. A microphone is a piece of hardware, so it is not part of Windows itself. However, Windows should have the software to support most microphones.
Once the operating system has started up, it manages all of the software and hardware on the computer. Most of the time, there are many different programs running at the same time, and they all need to access your computer's Central Processing Unit (CPU), memory, and storage. The operating system coordinates all of this to make sure that each program gets what it needs. Without the operating system, the software wouldn't even be able to talk to the hardware, and the computer would be useless.