*Filtration - Darling, learn how to spell before you put a basic question up.
Filtration is used to separate solids (Such as sand or small rocks) from liquids.
It is set up using a funnel, filter paper, a stand and a beaker to hold the filtrate. The liquid is poured into the funnel, the solid is trapped in the filter paper and the liquid passes through into the beaker - the liquid is then called 'filtrate'.
Passing air or liquid through a means of cleaning it .
In a lathe gearbox it is hard for different lubricating types to lubricate the gearbox so splash lubrication is the easiest way to lubricate it. Splash lubrication is a method of applying lubricant, to parts of a machine, or certain parts of an engine, teeth on the connecting-rod bearing caps are submerged in an oil container when it rotates. When the dippers emerge from the oil container, the oil is splashed onto the cylinders and pistons, lubricating them. This stage is repeated throughout the use of the lathe always properly lubricating the gearbox. Engines are normally lubricated using force feeding lubrication and splash lubrication. The force fed lubrication is used to keep the oil container full whenever the splash lubrication is being used. Normally the oil used in splash lubrication has to have a low viscosity because if the oil is too thick the tooth that dips into the oil container will either pick up a very small amount or pick up none at all.