It was startling because it was said to be impossible by the BCS theory.
It was startling because it was said to be impossible by the BCS theory.
There is really no complete theory of superconduction yet. It is believed that in certain materials - the "classical" superconductors - the current is transported by Cooper pairs (i.e., pairs of electrons). However, the classical theory doesn't really explain superconduction in the more recently discovered high-temperature superconductors.
The resistivity of metals increases with temperature. Going the other way, some metals become superconductors if the temperature is lowered to a sufficiently low temperature.
superconductors, they have no resistance.
Resistance decreases with the decrease of temperature. Superconductors are made by lowering the temperature.
A normal conductor has resistance. A superconductor has no resistance. But to make superconductors a very low temperature is required. High-temperature supeconductors require a temperature of minus 203 degrees C, ordinary superconductors require substantially lower temperatures.
In a way, all currently existing superconductors are "low-temperature", but some more so than others. The traditional superconductors work up to about 20 K (or minus 253 Centigrade); more recent "high-temperature superconductors" work up to 100 K or so. 100 K is still minus 173 Centigrade, but it is much "hotter" than the traditional superconductors. The new "high-temperature" superconductors apparently work different than the old-fashioned ones; at least, the theory that explains the traditional superconductors fails to explain how the new superconductors work.
Hong Alice Wang has written: 'Reactions during processing of the 123 high Tc superconductor' -- subject(s): Ceramic superconductors, High temperature superconductors
We currently don't know of any room temperature superconductors; we've managed to find some "high temperature" superconductors, but "high" in this case means "liquid nitrogen temperatures" ... about two hundred degrees Celsius below zero. The lowest naturally occurring temperature ever recorded on Earth is about 184K ... about fifty degrees Celsius above the point at which the highest-known-temperature superconductor becomes superconducting.
We currently don't know of any room temperature superconductors; we've managed to find some "high temperature" superconductors, but "high" in this case means "liquid nitrogen temperatures" ... about two hundred degrees Celsius below zero. The lowest naturally occurring temperature ever recorded on Earth is about 184K ... about fifty degrees Celsius above the point at which the highest-known-temperature superconductor becomes superconducting.
I think so the super conducting material used will melt
It was startling because it was said to be impossible by the BCS theory.
It was startling because it was said to be impossible by the BCS theory.
Because refrigerating superconductors to the cryogenic temperatures needed by current ones is expensive, severely limiting the applications they are used in.Metallic superconductors need cooling to the temperature of liquid helium.Copper oxide ceramic superconductors need cooling to the temperature of liquid nitrogen.Room temperature superconductors, if they exist, would need little or no cooling.
The class of materials called superconductors have no DC resistance when cooled below their transition temperature. This temperature varies with the material and is below 20K for metallic superconductors and generally below about 100K for oxide or "High Temperature" superconductors
some superconductors having high critical temperature :YBa2Cu3O7 have Tc=93 K (1987)BiSr2CaCu2O8+x Tc=94 K (1988)Ta2Ba2Ca2Cu3O10+x Tc=125 K (1988)HGBa2Ca2Cu3O8+x Tc=150 K (1993)