cronyism.
Those members of public office who are running for re-election are called incumbents.
The office of the election commission of india was called as "Nirvachan Sadan".
staggered election by: Robert Gonzalez
Staggered Election - Gov NovaNet
It's called a primary election because it is the first of more than one election in a particular state for the same term of the same office.
a default election
They are "elected".
a Lame Duck. or A still-in-office-president.
Continuity - Gov NovaNet
Members of Congress can lose their job through several ways. They can be voted out of office in the next election by the constituents in their district or state. They can also face recall elections if there is sufficient support for it. Additionally, members can be expelled by a two-thirds vote from their respective chamber for serious misconduct.
The ceremony after a person takes office is called an "inauguration."
lame duck