Besides the fact that it exists, very little. We know - approximately - what orbit it is in, and how far away it is from the parent star. We can calculate, VERY roughly, what the surface temperature of the planet might be, based on the brightness of the star and the distance to the planet. We can barely guess at the size of the planet, based on how much it occults the star.
NO
HD 209458 b was discovered on November 5th 1999
We obviously don't know what the hottest exoplanet is but the highest estimated recording we have is of the planet HD 149026 b which is 2038 C or 3700 F
The most likely candidates are (in no order): Gliese 581 g, HD 40307 g, Gliese 163 c, Gliese 581 d, Tau Ceti e, Gliese 667C c, Kepler 22 b, HD 85512 b and Tau Ceti f
The possibility of water vapour.
The duration of Planet B is 1800.0 seconds.
Currently, only planet earth in our solar system is known to harbor life. And life on earth is incredibly diverse..
Because it's a) a planet and b) orange to red in color. Some things about Mars could be categorized as rocket science, but this is not one of them.
Neither Sirius A nor Sirius B have any known planets.
Planet B ended on 2011-02-27.
Planet B was created on 2009-03-02.
'definitely, planet A' 'But if you think like this: on planet B an hour has passed in the same amount of time a second has passed on planet A. Then time runs faster on planet B.'