In order of size:
A pile
A hill
A mountain
An island
A state/territory
A country
A continent
A moon
A planet
Some of these can be in different orders. Land is not often used in the context of a moon or planet, but can be.
A large land mass is commonly called a continent.
A large land mass that protrudes out from a continent is called a Subcontinent. One example of subcontinent is India.
The big mass of land is called a continent. Continents are large, continuous areas of land that make up the Earth's surface.
Island
pangea
plateau
The earth started as one large land mass and it was called Pangea
Pangea
A continent or an island is a large land mass surrounded by water.
A large land mass smaller than a continent is called a subcontinent. Examples include the Indian subcontinent and the Arabian Peninsula.
It is a glacier.
continental shelf