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These terms describe the behaviour of energy in alternating-current circuits.

Active power (also known as 'true power' or 'real power') describes the rate at which energy is permanently dissipated by the resistive component of a circuit or load. Active power is measured in watts.

Reactive power describes the rate at which energy is alternately stored in the magnetic or electric field and, then, returned to the source when the field collapses, during every quarter-cycle. Reactive power is measured in reactive volt amperes.

Apparent power is the vector sum of a circuit's active and reactive power, and is measured in volt amperes.

The apparent power of an a.c. load can be determined from the product of a voltmeter and an ammeter reading. The active power can be determined by using a wattmeter. The reactive power can then be determined by vector subtraction.

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