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What is meant by thermal expansion give its molecular explanation?
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
Matter tends to become less dense as it gets warmer and conversely get more dense as it gets cooler. There are some exceptions to this (liquid water near the freezing point for example), but you are nearly always safe to assume the aforementioned generality.
The simple explanation at the molecular level is that as the temperature increases molecules move around with more force and speed. As an analogy- think of a dance floor. When couples are slow dancing, they don't move around very much and when they do they don't move very fast. Consequently you can easily pack a lot of people into a small dance floor. Now if those same people start doing more energetic dances - let's say a waltz or the Charleston - they need more space and fewer couples can occupy the same space. Extending the analogy, you can still have the same number of couples out there trying to dance more energetic dances in the same space, but there will be a lot more collisions with a lot more force than slow dancers bumping into each other.If you keep a solid, liquid, or gas at thesame volume buit increase temperature, the density will remain the same (no expansion) but the pressure required to maintain that density goes up - drastically in the case of most solids.
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
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