If you carefully put a drop of food coloring in a large container, you will notice that it will begin to move away from the place where the drop began. It actually, over a long time, it will diffuse all through the container. If the container is very large you may not even see the color any more. Since it moves away from the main drop, it is moving down the concentration gradient.
it means that a molecule goes from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
for example, if I had one liter of 10M concentration of H+ ions on one side of a membrane, and on the other side was two liters of 0M concentration H+ (no H+), H+ would have a electrochemical gradient. As H+ diffuses down its concentration gradient, the H+ from the 10M side would enter the 0M side until they reach equilibrium, where H+ flows from either side at the same rate, with both sides having 10/3 M concentration
This means that a molecule will go from where there are a lot of the same molecules (highly concentrated), to where there is only a few of those same molecules (low cocentration).
By Diffusion and Osmosis.Diffusion is literally a "process of scattering" (diffus). The scattering process of diffusion arises from the fact that all particles are constantly moving in random directions. During diffusion, particles move by chance from a region where their concentration is high, to a region where their concentration is low.osmosis -is the net movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from a region of a higher concentration to a region of lower concentration...
The brain stem is about the size of a thumb in diameter and approximately 3 inches (approximately 7.5 cm) long. It structures are the midbrain, pons, and the medulla obongata. The midbrain is mostly composed of tracts of nerve fibers. The midbrain has two bulging fiber tract-cerebral peduncles. It also has four rounded protrusions. The midbrain reflex centers for vision and hearing. The pons are the bulging center part of the brain stem. It is mostly composed of fiber tracts. It includes nuclei involved in the control of breathing. The medulla oblongata is the lowest part of the brain stem, it merges into the spinal cord, includes important fiber tracts, and contains important control centers. Heart rate control, blood pressure regulation, breathing, swallowing and vomiting. Recticular formation, diffus mass of gray matter along the brain stem. Involved in motor control of visceral organs. Reticular activating system plays a role in awake/ sleep cycles and consciousness