Anything and everything can be measured using numbers: distance between places, height of mountains or a flag pole, number of articles or people in a crowd, and so on, the list is very long.
No, it is measured in positive numbers but it can be represented by negative numbers.
no
Fuselage station numbers are measured based upon distance, in inches, from the Reference Datum.
We have literally no idea what you mean. Calculation of a volume of what? Which measured numbers? Your question, as it stands, is nonsense.
quantitive
Time is measured by numbers and math is all about numbers.
Significant figure
Yes, using whole numbers.
Any physical property that can be measured and represented in numbers.
Inertia is a property of mass, and since mass can be measured (normally by kilograms) then inertia can also be measured. All scientific measurements are done with numbers, that is what we mean when we say that we measure something. If you are going to estimate a size without using numbers (as in, that's a really big apple) that is not a measurement.
It is not measured in whole numbers Recordings are usually rounded off
The answer depends on what is being measured by the 2 numbers.