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The reaction type is EAS (Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution). When dealing with aromatic substitutions you have to take into consideration what positions the different types of substitutes prefer.
In this situation you are dealing with Nitro-groups (NO2), which are said to prefer meta.
The mechanic itself is quite simple, you have to start out by figuring out the product of the reaction between the acids, which generate the nitro-group.
What happens when you add H2SO4 and HNO3 together? (These are the most commonly used reagents in this reaction). You know that one nitro group is generated, the rest is simple. Just remember the ion from sulfur acid, this will play a key role later on.
So NO2 groups are meta-positioning, thus the double bond from the aromat will attack NO2+. After that you draw the resonance, and finish with a hydrogen being attacked by the ion from sulfuric acid, returning the double bond and giving you your product.
What else can I help you with?
Why preparing p-nitroacetanilide?
Preparing p-nitroacetanilide is significant for its application in organic synthesis and as an intermediate in the production of dyes and pharmaceuticals. The reaction involves the nitration of acetanilide, which introduces a nitro group at the para position, enhancing the compound's reactivity. This synthesis serves as an important example of electrophilic aromatic substitution, illustrating key concepts in organic chemistry. Additionally, p-nitroacetanilide can be used to study reaction mechanisms and the effects of substituents on aromatic systems.
What is the aim of hydrolysis of p-nitroacetanilide?
The aim of hydrolysis of p-nitroacetanilide is to convert it into p-nitroaniline and acetic acid through the reaction with water, typically in the presence of an acid or base as a catalyst. This reaction allows for the study of the reactivity of amides and the formation of amines, which are important in various organic synthesis applications. Additionally, p-nitroaniline serves as an important intermediate in the dye and pharmaceutical industries.
Why is synthesis of p-nitro acetanilide carried out at low temperature?
Synthesis of p-nitro acetanilide is carried out at low temperature to minimize side reactions and to control the rate of the nitration reaction. Low temperature helps to improve the selectivity of the reaction, favoring the desired product formation over potential byproducts.
What is the expected yield of p-nitroacetanilide?
The expected yield of p-nitroacetanilide will depend on the specific reaction conditions used, such as reactant stoichiometry, reaction temperature, and catalyst presence. However, under ideal conditions, a high yield can be achieved nearing 100%. Purification methods can further improve the yield of the final product.
How do you separate para nitroacetanilide from ortho nitroacetanilide?
Para-nitroacetanilide and ortho-nitroacetanilide can be separated by utilizing their different solubilities in various solvents or through techniques such as column chromatography or fractional crystallization. For example, para-nitroacetanilide is more soluble in organic solvents like acetone or ethyl acetate compared to ortho-nitroacetanilide, which allows for their separation based on solubility differences. This can enable the isolation of each compound for further analysis or purification.
Why p-nitroacetanilide is soluble in water?
p-Nitroacetanilide is soluble in water due to its ability to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. The presence of the acetamido group (–NHCOCH3) allows for hydrogen bonding, while the nitro group (–NO2) enhances polarity, increasing its interaction with water. Additionally, the overall molecular structure maintains a balance of hydrophilic and hydrophobic characteristics, promoting solubility in aqueous environments.
What is mechanism and action of indomethacin?
a prostaglandin (PGE2) synthesis inhibitor
What has the author P Cintas written?
P. Cintas has written: 'Activated metals in organic synthesis' -- subject(s): Metals, Organic compounds, Synthesis
What has the author P I Hardwicke written?
P. I. Hardwicke has written: 'Microbial synthesis of polymers'
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catalysis
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sht stains?
What is the reaction mechanism for the synthesis of 2-bromobutane using NAI as the reagent?
In the synthesis of 2-bromobutane using NAI as the reagent, the reaction mechanism involves the substitution of a bromine atom for a hydroxyl group on butanol. This reaction follows an SN2 mechanism, where the nucleophile (bromine) attacks the carbon attached to the hydroxyl group, leading to the formation of 2-bromobutane.
