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Melioidosis is an infectious disease of humans and animals caused by a gram-negative bacillus found in soil and water. It has both acute and chronic forms.
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What bone condition can be caused by melioidosis?
Chronic melioidosis may cause osteomyelitis.
What is the mortality rate in acute cases of pulmonary melioidosis?
The mortality rate in acute cases of pulmonary melioidosis is about 10%.
What is melioidosis characterized by?
Chronic melioidosis is characterized by osteomyelitis (inflammation of the bone) and pus-filled abscesses in the skin, lungs, or other organs.
What is melioidosis caused from?
Melioidosis is caused by Pseudomonas pseudomallei, a bacillus that can cause disease in sheep, goats, pigs, horses, and other animals, as well as in humans.
Melioidosis is most common in those with what other diseases?
Melioidosis is presently a public health concern because it is most common in AIDS patients and intravenous drug users.
In what regions of the world is melioidosis endemic?
Melioidosis, which is sometimes called Pseudomonas pseudomallei infection, is endemic (occurring naturally and consistently) in Southeast Asia, Australia, and parts of Africa.
What is the prognosis for mild melioidosis?
The prognosis for recovery from mild infections is excellent.
What is the incubation period for melioidosis?
The incubation period is two to three days.
How can melioidosis be prevented?
There is no form of immunization for melioidosis. Prevention requires prompt cleansing of scrapes, burns, or other open wounds in areas where the disease is common and avoidance of needle sharing among drug addicts.
How common is person-to-person transmission of melioidosis?
Person-to-person transmission is unusual.
How is a diagnosis of melioidosis confirmed?
Diagnosis must then be confirmed through laboratory tests.
Those with mild to moderate melioidosis are treated with what medications?
Patients with mild or moderate infections are given a course of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) and ceftazidime by mouth.
