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What does this mean C2-c3 patent central canal and neural foramen?
This typically indicates that there is no obvious compression or narrowing of the central canal or neural foramen at the C2-C3 level of the spine. "Patent" means that these spaces are open and unobstructed. It suggests there are no significant structural abnormalities in this area.
What does it mean when it says mild diffuse disc bulge effacing the thecal sac with minimal narrowing of the neuro foramina in an MRI?
In order to best help translate, lets break this sentence down into smaller parts to explain it:A "diffuse disc bulge" refers to one of the discs in your spine. The discs separate the bones of your spine, called vertebrae, and provide cushion support as well as motion to the vertebrae. A diffuse bulge of one of these discs refers to the disc bulging out from all sides (right, left, front, and back), except not the top or bottom."effacing the thecal sac" means that that diffuse disc bulge is contacting the thecal sac such that being able to see that sac is obscured by the diffuse disc bulge. Thecal sac refers to the the "sac" which is a membrane (called dura mater) that contains the spinal cord and cerebrospinal fluid. All this statement implies is that the disc bulge is contacting the membrane that contains the spinal cord."minimal narrowing of the neuro foramina" - probably you meant neural foramina. At each level in the spine where there is a disc, right and left nerve roots come out to innervate tissues in the body. The holes that they come out are called neural foramina. This statement means that the size, or diameter, of those holes has been minimally narrowed by this diffuse disc bulge.
What is grade 1 degenerative anterolisthesis of L4 on L5. Degenerative disc space narrowing and facet arthrosis L4-L5 and L5-S1 and resultant canal stenosis and neural foraminal narrowing at L4-L5 and?
Grade 1 degenerative anterolisthesis of L4 on L5 refers to a condition where the vertebra at the L4 level has shifted forward in relation to the L5 vertebra due to degenerative changes. Degenerative disc space narrowing and facet arthrosis at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels indicate wear and tear of the intervertebral discs and facet joints in the lower lumbar spine. Resultant canal stenosis and neural foraminal narrowing at L4-L5 suggest compression of the spinal canal and nerve roots at the L4-L5 level, potentially leading to symptoms such as pain, numbness, or weakness in the lower back and legs.
Is a 1 cm narrowing of the central canal at L1-L2 level significant?
yes
What is neural efficiency?
Neural efficiency refers to the ability of the brain to use fewer neural resources in order to perform a task effectively or efficiently. Individuals with high neural efficiency can achieve the same level of task performance using less energy or neural activity compared to those with lower neural efficiency. This concept is often studied in the context of cognitive tasks and sports performance.
Which pattern of neural processing is important for higher level mental processing such as problem solving?
parallel
Which pattern of neural processing is importante for higher level mental processing such as problem solving?
Parallel processing
The three primary levels of neural integration in a somatosensory system?
-Level I: The receptor level corresponding to the sensory receptors -Level II: The circuit level corresponding to the ascending pathways -Level III: The perceptual level corresponding to the awareness of the incoming stimuli
What does it mean of C5-C6 right central disc osteophyte complex contacts the anterior spinal cord and extends into the bilateral neural foramen narrowing moderately to severly. The central canal meas?
The C5-C6 right central disc osteophyte complex refers to a bony growth and disc material at the C5-C6 vertebral level that is impinging on the anterior part of the spinal cord. Its extension into the bilateral neural foramen suggests that it is also compressing the nerve roots exiting the spine on both sides, leading to moderate to severe narrowing of these openings. This condition can potentially cause symptoms such as pain, numbness, or weakness in the arms and hands due to nerve compression. Additionally, the mention of the central canal measurement indicates that the space for the spinal cord may also be reduced, which can further complicate the clinical picture.
Openings provide exit of spinal nerves?
The spinal nerves exit from the vertebral column through openings between adjacent vertebrae. These openings, called intervertebral foramina, are located just in front of the facet joints. They exit from what are called intervertebral foramina (foramen means opening).
What does disk bulge at C6-C7 which effaces the thecal sac with near contact of the spinal cord and appears to produce moderate bilateral foraminal narrowing mean?
A disk bulge at the C6-C7 level indicates that the intervertebral disc has protruded slightly, pressing against the thecal sac, which contains the spinal cord and nerve roots. This bulge is causing moderate narrowing of the foramina, the openings through which spinal nerves exit the spine, potentially leading to nerve compression. The near contact with the spinal cord suggests that there may be a risk of neurological symptoms, such as pain, weakness, or numbness, in the areas served by the affected nerves. Overall, this condition may require monitoring or treatment to alleviate symptoms.
What is intellegence?
Intelligence is a mental ability within the limits of the cognitive neural matrix domain to assimilate concepts in form and content information and analyse as recall to a discrete or abstract notion. The level and ability within the cognitive neural matrix domain process can be measured by Intelligence quotient.
