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For the determination of the atomic weight (not mass) of chlorine we need to know the isotopic composition of Cl and the atomic masses of the isotopes.
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How do you determine the atomic mass of chlorine?
Well, the CI atomic number is 17. The atomic mass is 35.4527 amu.There are two stable isotopes of chlorine with relative mass numbers 35 and 37. As the relative abundance of these isotopes are 75% and 25% respectively, the molar mass of chlorine is considered as 35.5 g/mol.
How do scientists determine the number of neutrons and isotopes in an atom?
Atomic mass minus atomic number. This is rather simplified but the atomic mass of an element is the total of all the protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom. Each proton and neutron has an atomic mass of approximately 1 AMU (atomic mass units) while an electron has an atomic mass of about 0.0005 AMU. So, you don't need to worry about the electrons. The atomic number of an element is simply the number of protons in the atom. So, atomic mass (number of protons and neutrons) minus atomic number (number of protons) equals number of neutrons in an atom.
What is the atomic mass of milk?
Milk is a solution of many different atoms. Atomic mass only refers to the mass of a single type of atom. Milk may have a "molecular mass" but you need to determine all of the different atoms in milk and then add their masses together.
Chlorine has an average atomic mass of 35.45 atomic mass unit. the to naturally occording isotopes are Chlorine-35 and Chlorine-37 Why does this indicate that most chlorine atoms contain 18 neutrons?
This has to due with the abundance of each. Lets break it down for a moment.The mass number is the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons. All chlorine atoms have 17 protons, so if we so a little subtraction, we can find out that there are 18 neutrons in 35Cl (Chlorine-35) and 19 neutrons in 37Cl. Another important piece of information that we need to know is that the atomic mass is an average of its isotopes. So lets say that there are equal amounts of 35Cl and 37Cl (50% of each). If we calculated the atomic mass (the average of the two), we would get a number that's directly in-between 35 and 37 since they are found in equal amounts in nature. Then the atomic mass would be 36.But we know this isn't true. There are not equal amounts of each isotope in nature; therefore, the atomic mass will not fall directly between the two masses of isotopes. The atomic mass of chlorine is 35.45, which means one isotope is more abundant than the other. Since 35.45 is closer to the weight of 35Cl, we know there is more of that isotope than 37Cl. Then, because we already figured out that there are 18 neutrons in 35Cl, we can officially say that most chlorine atoms have 18 neutrons.
How many atoms in compound NaCl?
Atomic mass of sodium = 22.99 Atomic mass of chlorine = 35.45 Total mass = 58.44g 58.44g of NaCl contains 6.023 x 1023 atoms ... 18.035g of NaCl contains 18.035x6.023x1023/58.44 = 1.858x1023 atoms!
How do you determine the atomic mass of chlorine?
Well, the CI atomic number is 17. The atomic mass is 35.4527 amu.There are two stable isotopes of chlorine with relative mass numbers 35 and 37. As the relative abundance of these isotopes are 75% and 25% respectively, the molar mass of chlorine is considered as 35.5 g/mol.
How do scientists determine the number of neutrons and isotopes in an atom?
Atomic mass minus atomic number. This is rather simplified but the atomic mass of an element is the total of all the protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom. Each proton and neutron has an atomic mass of approximately 1 AMU (atomic mass units) while an electron has an atomic mass of about 0.0005 AMU. So, you don't need to worry about the electrons. The atomic number of an element is simply the number of protons in the atom. So, atomic mass (number of protons and neutrons) minus atomic number (number of protons) equals number of neutrons in an atom.
What is the atomic mass of milk?
Milk is a solution of many different atoms. Atomic mass only refers to the mass of a single type of atom. Milk may have a "molecular mass" but you need to determine all of the different atoms in milk and then add their masses together.
Chlorine has an average atomic mass of 35.45 atomic mass unit. the to naturally occording isotopes are Chlorine-35 and Chlorine-37 Why does this indicate that most chlorine atoms contain 18 neutrons?
This has to due with the abundance of each. Lets break it down for a moment.The mass number is the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons. All chlorine atoms have 17 protons, so if we so a little subtraction, we can find out that there are 18 neutrons in 35Cl (Chlorine-35) and 19 neutrons in 37Cl. Another important piece of information that we need to know is that the atomic mass is an average of its isotopes. So lets say that there are equal amounts of 35Cl and 37Cl (50% of each). If we calculated the atomic mass (the average of the two), we would get a number that's directly in-between 35 and 37 since they are found in equal amounts in nature. Then the atomic mass would be 36.But we know this isn't true. There are not equal amounts of each isotope in nature; therefore, the atomic mass will not fall directly between the two masses of isotopes. The atomic mass of chlorine is 35.45, which means one isotope is more abundant than the other. Since 35.45 is closer to the weight of 35Cl, we know there is more of that isotope than 37Cl. Then, because we already figured out that there are 18 neutrons in 35Cl, we can officially say that most chlorine atoms have 18 neutrons.
How do you find the mass number if you have the atomic number of an isotope?
Mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atoms of a particular isotope. The atomic number is the number of protons, so you would also need to know the number of neutrons. You could not determine the mass number from the atomic number alone.
Chlorine has an average atomic mass of 35.45 atomic mass unit The two naturally occurring isotopes are Chlorine-35 and Chlorine-37 Why does this indicate that most chlorine atoms contain 18 neutrons?
This has to due with the abundance of each. Lets break it down for a moment.The mass number is the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons. All chlorine atoms have 17 protons, so if we so a little subtraction, we can find out that there are 18 neutrons in 35Cl (Chlorine-35) and 19 neutrons in 37Cl. Another important piece of information that we need to know is that the Atomic Mass is an average of its isotopes. So lets say that there are equal amounts of 35Cl and 37Cl (50% of each). If we calculated the atomic mass (the average of the two), we would get a number that's directly in-between 35 and 37 since they are found in equal amounts in nature. Then the atomic mass would be 36.But we know this isn't true. There are not equal amounts of each isotope in nature; therefore, the atomic mass will not fall directly between the two masses of isotopes. The atomic mass of chlorine is 35.45, which means one isotope is more abundant than the other. Since 35.45 is closer to the weight of 35Cl, we know there is more of that isotope than 37Cl. Then, because we already figured out that there are 18 neutrons in 35Cl, we can officially say that most chlorine atoms have 18 neutrons.
How many atoms in compound NaCl?
Atomic mass of sodium = 22.99 Atomic mass of chlorine = 35.45 Total mass = 58.44g 58.44g of NaCl contains 6.023 x 1023 atoms ... 18.035g of NaCl contains 18.035x6.023x1023/58.44 = 1.858x1023 atoms!
How many gram of chlorine are need to combined with 23gram of sodium to make 58.5gram of sodium chloride?
From the law of conservation of mass: 58.5 - 23 = 35.5 grams of chlorine required. Interestingly, 23 and 35.5 are approximations to the gram atomic masses of sodium and chlorine respectively.
How do you determine the number of neutron's in an atom of a given element?
Atomic Mass minus atomic number. This is rather simplified but the atomic mass of an element is the total of all the protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom. Each proton and neutron has an atomic mass of approximately 1 AMU (atomic mass units) while an electron has an atomic mass of about 0.0005 AMU. So, you don't need to worry about the electrons. The atomic number of an element is simply the number of protons in the atom. So, atomic mass (number of protons and neutrons) minus atomic number (number of protons) equals number of neutrons in an atom.
What is the formula for atomic number?
atomic number = number of proton in an element number of proton = number of electron mass number = number of proton + number of neutron therefore... atomic number = mass number - number of neutrons
Why is relative atomic mass of atoms never a whole number?
The atomic weight is the average weight of an element when all of the isotopes are averaged. This does not mean that there is a portion of a neutron in the atom.. All of the isotopes of an element have a whole number of protons and neutrons. the atomic weight is the average of all the isotopes found, it is affected by the ratios of the different isotopes. If the number was a whole number then no known isotopes have been found.
Why need to know the percentage of each isotope of an element to determine the atomic mass?
Because each isotope of an element has a mass different from any other isotope of the same element, and the atomic mass of an element is an average, weighted by the proportion of each isotope, in the naturally occurring element.
