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ORM means Object to Relational Mapping, I.e. mapping of Java Objects to Tables in a Relational/Object database.

ORM tools helps programmers concentrate on business logic than coding to deal with objects/database ORM tools highly reduces coding efforts.

There are many ORM tools available ,they are as follows

1.ObjectRelationalBridge (OJB) is an Object/Relational mapping tool that allows

transparent persistence for Java Objects against relational databases.This is under Apache License

2.Castor is an open source data binding framework for Java[tm]

3.CocoBase® offers a simple to use, powerful Dynamic Object to Relational

Mapping tool for Java developers writing applications on the J2EE, J2SE and J2ME

platforms.This is a commercial tool

4.TopLink,Using this developers can map both Java Objects and Entity Beans to a

relational database schema.This is now under Oracle.Oracle is building a framework called ADF(Application Development framework) based on struts,JSF,Toplink which is for future based SOA applications.

5.Hibernate is the popular ORM tool used by major s/w applications and is very easy to learn and implement and highly productive.Hibernate community regularly upgrades this frame work to make more user friendly and there are many GUI tools to automatically generate the mapping files for Hibernate is also available for DOTNET as NHibernate

Rather than utilize bytecode processing or code generation, Hibernate uses runtime reflection to determine the persistent properties of a class. The objects to be persisted are defined in a mapping document, which serves to describe the persistent fields and associations, as well as any subclasses or proxies of the persistent object. The mapping documents are compiled at application startup time and provide the framework with necessary information for a class.

Additionally, they are used in support operations, such as generating the database schema or creating stub Java source files.

Hibernate generates SQL for you, relieves you from manual result set handling and object conversion, and keeps your application portable to all SQL databases. Hibernate allows you to store, fetch ,update and delete any kind of objects. Hibernate lets you develop persistent classes following common Java concepts like association, inheritance, polymorphism, composition, and the Java collections framework.

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