Osteophytic encroachment of the neural central joints at C5-6 is when degeneration of a disc causes obstruction. This obstruction occurs at the foramina at C4-5.
What are the symptoms and treatments for degenerative changes lumbar spine with multilevel foramina encroachment
Central neural mechanisms of emotion involve brain regions such as the amygdala and prefrontal cortex, which control emotional responses and regulation. Peripheral neural mechanisms involve the autonomic nervous system and hormonal processes that influence physiological changes in response to emotions, like changes in heart rate or sweating. Together, these mechanisms work in concert to generate and regulate emotional responses in the brain and body.
You have to look at the definition of the words to understand this statement. Neural refers to nerves. Foramen is an opening through which the nerves exit. Stenosis means that this opening is narrowed. The result is something we call a pinched nerve.
Ventricles & central canal of spinal cord
central nervous system, spinal cord
Nervous Tissue
the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus
Facet joints are the joints of spine which permit movement between to vertebrae Their orientation decides the plane of movement. As person ages this joints my suffer from stress and strain due to abnormal mobility or excessive mobility and this joints try to stabilize themselves by throwing bone around themselves in other terms they become hypertrophied. as they become hypertrophied they reduce the space for the neural canal and cause compression of the neural elements and are the most common cause of lumbar canal stenosis.
Neurons
The amygdala
In the embryo the neural tube forms the central nervous system in the fetus, which is the brain and spinal cord. The reason pregnant women are given folic acid supplementation is to help prevent neural tube defects, which can range from fairly benign all the way to anencephaly (where the baby is born without a brain).
The neural tube is the part of the development of the central nervous system in a developing embryo. What is pretty amazing about this is that within the first 4 weeks of development from conception, the entire framework of the central nervous system will have finished forming! Around day 18, the neural plate appears at the midline of the thickening of the ectoderm, the outermost layer of the germinal sac. Essentially what happens over the next couple of days is that the neural plate forms a depression, which eventually is pushed down and separated from the original cell layer by the fusion of the neural crests, resulting in the formation of a neural tube - this is rather hard to explain without a proper diagram!