This is a very rare problem, and involves the sacral nerve sheathes. As the spinal nerves leave the head, they are encased in a 3-layer covering (which is an extension of the covering of the brain). As each nerve exits the spinal cord, it is encased in this covering called a "sheath". Fluid flows inside this "sheath", and helps protect the nerve as well as nourishing it. In the sacrum --the area at the bottom of the spine that is connected to the pelvis (just above the crack in your buttocks)-- the nerves are also encased in a sheath, and in many people these "sheathes" can balloon from being over-filled with spinal fluid. Most of the time this ballooning of the sheath doesn't hurt anything; however, in a very rare patient, these ballooning sheathes can be so numerous & severe, that pressure is placed of adjacent nerves, causing abnormal numbness and even weakness and pain. Because it occurs in the sacrum, and is extemely rare, it is difficult to diagnose (difficult to see within the bone). And because it is extremely difficult to get to, surgery is rarely considered. If you Google "perineural cysts", you'll find a lot of good information...
Perineural cysts appear to be dilated or ballooned areas of the sheaths that cover nerve roots exiting from the sacral area of the spine. The spaces or cysts created by the dilated sheaths are directly connected to the subarachnoid area of the spinal.
A variety of conditions that can increase the flow of cerebrospinal fluid may cause perineural cysts to expand in size, creating symptoms. Such conditions include traumatic injury, shock, or certain forms of exertion (such as heavy lifting).
what is cause of perineural cyst
Perineural cysts (also called Tarlov cysts)
Because most perineural cysts don't cause symptoms, most perineural cysts are never diagnosed. When symptoms do develop that are suggestive of perineural cysts, MRI will usually demonstrate their presence
Many people have perineural cysts but no symptoms at all; in fact, the majority of people with these cysts are completely unaware of their existence
Neurologists and neurosurgeons usually treat individuals with perineural cysts. A urologist may be called in to consult with individuals whose cysts are interfering with bladder or sexual functioning.
Perineural cysts appear to be dilated or ballooned areas of the sheaths that cover nerve roots exiting from the sacral area of the spine
Although using a needle to drain fluid from perineural cysts can temporarily relieve their accompanying symptoms, eventually the cysts will refill with cerebrospinal fluid and the symptoms will recur
Using diet or dietary supplements to decrease the body's alkalinity may prevent perineural cysts from filling with more fluid.
This is the only permanent treatment for perineural cysts; once removed, they very rarely recur.
yes it can affect both legs i could not walk for 6 years
People usually become aware of a perineural cyst when they experience symptoms such as back pain, leg pain, or sciatica. These symptoms are often a result of the cyst putting pressure on nearby nerves or the spinal cord. Imaging tests like MRIs are typically used to confirm the presence of a perineural cyst.
research suggests that herpes simplex virus can cause the body chemistry to become more alkaline, which predisposes the cerebrospinal fluid to fill the perineural cysts, thus prompting the advent of symptoms.
A urologist may be called in to consult with individuals whose cysts are interfering with bladder or sexual functioning.