Many force transducers employ an elastic load-bearing element or combination of elements. Application of force to the elastic element causes it to deflect and this deflection is then sensed by a secondary transducer which converts it into a measurable output. The output may be in the form of electrical signal as in strain gauge and linear variable differential transducer (LVDT) type load cells or mechanical indications as in proving rings and spring balances. Such transducers are known generically as elastic devices, and form the bulk of all commonly used force transducers. There are a number of different elastic transducer elements but generally they consist of circular rings, cylinders or beams.
The fundamental nature of elastic devices is illustrated opposite where, in this case, the elastic element is a circular cylinder made of a metal such as steel. The force is applied to the end of the cylinder and the deformation is measured as the difference between the uncompressed and compressed length. The cylinder also expands outwards as it is compressed, the ratio of outward expansion to longitudinal compression being determined by the nature of the material (through Poisson's ratio). The force may also be applied such that the device is in tension, rather than compression, and in that case the distortion is simply reversed.
All elastic devices share this common basis, but the method of measuring the distortion of the elastic element varies considerably. The most frequent method is to make measurements of the longitudinal and lateral strain, and when this is undertaken by electrical resistance strain gauges such a transducer is known as a strain gauge load cell. These are the most common commercially available type of force transducer and are described, with many others, under types of force transducer with a separate page summarising their
principal
Darrell Echols
To avoid self-incrimination
limited government
an economic princple is a widely accepted behaviour of individuals and firms
God exists and He is a rewarder of those who diligently seek Him.
yes
The principle of massage history is to have a record of the development of massage therapy over time for educational purposes.
A sonar transmits sound waves and captures it back after they strike an object. They work on the dopplers principle.
A transducer takes in the energy of a system and converts it to electrical signals that can be stored and examined in various ways. Most transducers can also impart energy into a system when electrically stimulated. A speaker as an example is also a microphne when connected to the input of an amplifier.
If you are referring to efficiency for on-road applications, I would guess not. If you are referring to using it to move heavy object and such, I would point to a crane and say "they already have."
There is more princple left on the loan for the interest to be calculated off. If the bank will let you. As to make payments on the princle. This will lower the amount of interst that is calculated in the future.