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What is qof?

Updated: 11/14/2022
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Qof (ק) is the 19th letter of the Hebrew alphabet. It has the sound of k in Modern Hebrew, but historically it was pronounced further back in the throat, and is often represented with a q.

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Qoph or Qop (Phoenician Qōp Phoenician qoph.svg) is the nineteenth letter of the Semitic abjads. Aramaic Qop (?) is derived from the Phoenician letter, and derivations from Aramaic include:

  • Phoenician Qof = ?
  • Hebrew Qof = ק
  • Ugaritic Qop = ?
  • Syriac Qōp̄ = ܩ
  • Arabic Qāf = ق.


Its original sound value was a West Semitic emphatic stop, presumably [kˤ] or [q]. In Hebrew gematria, it has the numerical value of 100.


The origin of the glyph shape of qōp is uncertain. It is usually suggested to have originally depicted either a sewing needle, specifically the eye of a needle (the Hebrew קוף means "hole"), or the back of a head and neck (qāf in Arabic meant "nape"). According to an older suggestion, it may also have been a picture of a monkey and its tail.


Besides Aramaic Qop, which gave rise to the letter in the Semitic abjads used in classical antiquity, Phoenician qōp is also the origin of the Latin letter Q and Greek Ϙ (qoppa) and Φ (phi).

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What is the 20th letter of the Hebrew alphabet between Qof and Shin?

The 20th letter is Resh (ר) which falls between Qof (ק) and Shin (ש).


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