It is an attempt to merge quantum mechanics and the General Theory of Relativity.For more details, I suggest you read at least the overview in the Wikipedia, article "Loop quantum gravity".
It is an attempt to merge quantum mechanics and the General Theory of Relativity.For more details, I suggest you read at least the overview in the Wikipedia, article "Loop quantum gravity".
Some alternatives to string theory include loop quantum gravity, quantum field theory, and causal dynamical triangulation.
It depends on what you mean by leading. A few good candidates are string theory, the standard model and loop quantum gravity.
Unknown at this time. Neither is currently testable experimentally as predicted features are smaller than current measurement equipment can detect.
Some alternative theories to string theory include loop quantum gravity, brane theory, and quantum field theory. These theories propose different ways to explain the fundamental forces and particles in the universe, without relying on the idea of tiny vibrating strings as the building blocks of everything.
The simple answer is Loop Quantum Gravity. I don't understand it that well, but it's the leading discretized space-time theory.
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Noboru Nakanishi has written: 'Graph theory and Feynman integrals' -- subject(s): Feynman integrals, Graph theory 'Covariant operator formalism of gauge theories and quantum gravity' -- subject(s): Gauge fields (Physics), Quantum field theory, Quantum gravity
John C. Baez has written: 'Introduction to algebraic and constructive quantum field theory' -- subject- s -: C*-algebras, Quantum field theory 'Gauge fields, knots, and gravity' -- subject- s -: General relativity - Physics -, Quantum gravity, Knot theory, Gauge fields - Physics -, Electromagnetism
Not sure what you mean by "derive" quantum theory; that's along the lines of "deriving" gravity. In our Universe, quantum theory is the only one we've developed that matches experimental evidence. In all cases, quantum theory was developed mathematically simply because no other explanation existed that would match what occurs in our Universe. Whether we like it or not, whether we really understand it or not, we are in a Universe that obeys quantum theory.
In a word. No. Grand unification is also commonly called the Theory of everything. Which in a sense, there would exist an equation of a set of equations that every other physics equation can be derived from. A quantum theory of gravity would only help to better blend quantum mechanics and classical mechanics, not necessarily leading to a theory of everything, though it would be another step toward it.
The laws of special relativity and quantum physics work together very well: relativistic quantum field theory was created for that very purpose (see, e.g., "Quantum Field Theory in a Nutshell" by A. Zee, for a decent, modern introduction).As for general relativity, there is indeed something of a problem. There has been a long, ongoing effort in the theoretical physics community to discover a correct quantum theory of gravity.The two main difficulties have been these: First, quantum field theory is written in terms of fields defined on a fixed background space-time, whereas in general relativity space-time possesses a curvature which reacts to the matter and energy present. Second, treating gravity as "just another field" runs into problems at high energy scales (or very small distance scales), requiring an infinite number of parameters to be specified in order to define the theory (effectively eliminating its predictive power at such scales).Not to admit defeat easily, theoretical physicists have searched for alternative theories of gravity which avoid these difficulties. M-theory / string theory seems to be one promising approach, loop quantum gravity (LQG) another, and there are many more besides (see the Wikipedia article on quantum gravity, in the related links below).