Which one is faster the neurotransmitters or the hormones?

Answer 1

Nerve impulses are far faster then responses to hormones. Nerve impulses involve the depolarization of neural membranes, which is as simple as the movement of sodium and potassium ions through channels. This is very very fast. The time this takes to happen is the time from when something touches you, such as your finger touching a keyboard to the time it takes you to feel that your finger is touching the keyboard. Another example of the speed of a nerve impulse is if you have ever accidentally touched a hot element on the stove, or a hot bowl and how fast your hand recoils. A nerve impulse must travel to the brain and back down again to tell your arm muscles to contract and move from the heat. This impulse is followed by a very brief period of non responsiveness but then the membrane repolarizes and the system can fire again. This whole process takes such a small time one could not measure it without special instruments

A hormonal response is slower and longer lasting. A signal must be sensed for a hormonal response, this could be anything from high or low sugar in the blood stream, to stress. Upon receiving this signal the hormone must be made. This is a time consuming event, as must hormones are proteins they must be transcribed and translated from DNA and appropriately processed in the hormone molecule. From here the hormone is transported into the bloodstream where it is distributed throughout, even though it may only act on certain areas, this is another time consuming process. For reference it takes the heart about 1 minute to completely circulate all the blood in the system, much longer then the fractions of seconds needed for nerve impulses. Once the hormones reaches its proper tissue it has its effect, which in most cases is a long and complex pathway, which can be turned on for a long period of time given that low concentrations of hormone can activate the pathway. Also another signal is also needed to counteract the effect of the pathway and turn it off. An example of this is adrenaline in a stressful situation, think back to a time where you nearly crashed your car, or went on a crazy ride at an amusement park, or something like that, the feeling of being on high afterwards is due to release of adrenaline also called epinephrine. The feeling does not occur instantly, but is still relatively fast and the feeling lasts well after the situation is over. Insulin in the blood stream is another hormonal response. When glucose is in high concentration in the blood insulin is secreted and travels through the bloodstream, it causes cells to have more glucose transporter at their surface so the high amount of glucose in the blood can move into cells and be used or stored. This is also a seemingly needlessly complex pathway involving at last 8 different reactions involving phosphorylation of proteins and lipid molecules, which certainly takes longer then the motion of ions through a channel.

Answer 2

Nervous impulses are very fast and act of hormones can hardly match.

Answer 3

Neurotrasmitters are faster than hormones.But some hormones act as trasmitters too

Answer 4

explain