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Is there a pill that replaces dopamine?
Sinemet and Stalevo make up the dopamine replacement class of drugsd
Which one can be crushed procardia XL tablets slow k tablets sinemet cr tablets or lanoxin tablets?
lanoxin
Is sinemet an maoi drug?
No. Sinemet is a combination of a prodrug (levodopa, which is converted in the body to dopamine) and an inhibitor that prevents the conversion (the enzyme it inhibits is DOPA decarboxylase; MAOI drugs inhibit monoamine oxidase). The inhibitor is highly polar and cannot pass the blood-brain barrier, so it inhibits the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the body generally, but allows conversion within the brain. This is done because high levels of dopamine outside the brain can result in nausea and vomiting.
What are the two most commonly-prescribed forms of levadopa?
the two most-commonly prescribed forms of levodopa include an amino-acid-decarboxylase (AADC) inhibitor: carbidopa (in Sinemet) or benzaseride (in Madopar).
Can you take Lexapro if you have Parkinson's Disease?
My mother has Parkinson's and has had Deep Brain Stimulation. She does not take any more Parkinson's medication but does take Lexapro. I think, but am not 100% sure, that she can take typical Parkinson's meds (Sinemet) as well as Lexapro.
Does Valium interact with namenda carbidopa-levodopa aricept?
There is no real interaction between those drugs. However, Valium might reduce memory and acuteness.. which is not very compatible with dementia treatment. Some report cases show that Valium might reduce Sinemet effectiveness, if you see these effect, you might ask your doctor to stop Valium. Valium shouldn't be used with older people. There is more interesting benzodiazepins available.. (lorazepam, oxazepam, temazepam) for these people.
Can parkinson's be cured?
There is no known cure for Parkinson's disease. The goal of treatment is to control symptoms.Medications control symptoms, mostly by increasing the levels of dopamine in the brain. At certain points during the day, the helpful effects of the medication often wears off, and symptoms can return. Your doctor need to be change the:Type of medicationDoseAmount of time between dosesHow the medications are takenWork closely with your doctors and therapists to adjust the treatment program. Never change or stop taking any medications without talking with your doctor.Many medications can cause severe side effects, including hallucinations, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and delirium. Monitoring and follow-up by the health care provider is important.Eventually, symptoms such as stooped posture, frozen movements, and speech difficulties may not respond very well to drug treatment.Medications used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease are:Levodopa (L-dopa), Sinemet, levodopa and carbidopa (Atamet)Pramipexole (Mirapex), ropinirole (Requip), bromocriptine (Parlodel)Selegiline (Eldepryl, Deprenyl), rasagiline (Azilect)Amantadine or anticholinergic medications -- to reduce early or mild tremorsEntacapone -- to prevent the breakdown of levodopaLifestyle changes that may be helpful for Parkinson's disease:Good general nutrition and healthExercising, but adjusting the activity level to meet changing energy levelsRegular rest periods and avoiding stressPhysical therapy, speech therapy, and occupational therapyRailings or banisters placed in commonly used areas of the houseSpecial eating utensilsSocial workers or other counseling services to help you cope with the disorder and get assistance (such as Meals-on-Wheels)Less commonly, surgery may be an option for patients with very severe Parkinson's disease who no longer respond to many medications. These surgeries do not cure Parkinson's, but may help some patients:In deep brain stimulation (DBS), the surgeon implants electrical stimulators in specific areas of the brain to help with movement.Another type of surgery destroys brain tissues that cause Parkinson's symptoms.
Are there any cures for huntingtons disease?
Various drugs may be used to treat Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, as well as other cardiac arrhythmias. The purpose of these drugs is to slow the electrical signals and excitation of heart muscles.
Drugs that may cause impotence?
Alternative NamesImpotence caused by medications; Drug-induced erectile dysfunctionInformationVarious medications and recreational drugs can have an affect on sexual arousal and sexual performance. It should be noted that what causes impotence in one man may not affect another.If you think that a medication you are taking is having a negative effect on sexual performance, discuss the matter with your health care provider. NEVER stop taking any medication without first consulting your health care provider, because some medications can produce life-threatening reactions if they are not carefully and slowly stopped or switched appropriately.The following is a list of medications and non-prescription drugs that may cause impotence:Antidepressant and other psychiatric medications:Amitriptyline (Elavil)Amoxapine (Asendin)Buspirone (Buspar)Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)Clomipramine (Anafranil)Clorazepate (Tranxene)Desipramine (Norpramin)Diazepam (Valium)Doxepin (Sinequan)Fluoxetine (Prozac)Fluphenazine (Prolixin)Imipramine (Tofranil)Isocarboxazid (Marplan)Lorazepam (Ativan)Meprobamate (Equanil)Mesoridazine (Serentil)Nortriptyline (Pamelor)Oxazepam (Serax)Phenelzine (Nardil)Phenytoin (Dilantin)Sertraline (Zoloft)Thioridazine (Mellaril)Thiothixene (Navane)Tranylcypromine (Parnate)Trifluoperazine (Stelazine)Antihistamine medications (certain classes of antihistamines are also used to treat heartburn):Cimetidine (Tagamet)Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)Hydroxyzine (Vistaril)Meclizine (Antivert)Nizatidine (Axid)Promethazine (Phenergan)Ranitidine (Zantac)High blood pressure medicines and diuretics ("water pills"):Atenolol (Tenormin)BethanidineBumetanide (Bumex)Captopril (Capoten)Chlorothiazide (Diuril)Chlorthalidone (Hygroton)Clonidine (Catapres)Enalapril (Vasotec)Furosemide (Lasix)Guanabenz (Wytensin)Guanethidine (Ismelin)Guanfacine (Tenex)Haloperidol (Haldol)Hydralazine (Apresoline)Hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrix)Labetalol (Normodyne)Methyldopa (Aldomet)Metoprolol (Lopressor)Minoxidil (Loniten)Nifedipine (Adalat, Procardia)Phenoxybenzamine (Dibenzyline)Phentolamine (Regitine)Prazosin (Minipress)Propranolol (Inderal)Reserpine (Serpasil)Spironolactone (Aldactone)Triamterene (Maxzide)Verapamil (Calan)Among the anti-hypertensive medications, thiazides are the most common cause of ED, followed by beta-blockers. Alpha-blockers are, in general, less likely to cause this problem.Parkinson's disease medications:Benztropine (Cogentin)Biperiden (Akineton)Bromocriptine (Parlodel)Levodopa (Sinemet)Procyclidine (Kemadrin)Trihexyphenidyl (Artane)Chemotherapy and hormonal medications:Antiandrogens (Casodex, Flutamide, Nilutamide)Busulfan (Myleran)Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)KetoconazoleLHRH agonists (Lupron, Zoladex)Other medications:Aminocaproic acid (Amicar)AtropineClofibrate (Atromid-S)Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)CyproteroneDigoxin (Lanoxin)Disopyramide (Norpace)EstrogenFinasteride (Propecia, Proscar, Avodart)Furazolidone (Furoxone)H2 Blockers (Tagamet, Zantac, Pepcid)Indomethacin (Indocin)Lipid lowering-agentsLicoriceMetoclopramide (Reglan)NSAIDs (Ibuprofen, etc.)Orphenadrine (Norflex)Prochlorperazine (Compazine)Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)Opiate analgesics (painkillers)CodeineFentanyl (Innovar)Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)Meperidine (Demerol)MethadoneMorphineOxycodone (Oxycontin, Percodan)Recreational drugs:AlcoholAmphetaminesBarbituratesCocaineMarijuanaHeroinNicotineReferencesMcVary KT. Clinical practice. Erectile dysfunction.N Engl J Med. Dec 2007; 357(24): 2472-81.
What are the bad effects of cough syrup on male sexual health?
Many medicines and recreational medicines can affect a man's sexual arousal and sexual performance. What effects difficulties in one man may not harm another man. Talk to your health problem provider if you think that a drug is hurting your sexual performance. Never stop using any medicine without first speaking to your provider. Some medicines may lead to life-threatening problems if you do not take care when stopping or changing them. The following is a list of some medicines and drugs that may make n (ED) in men. There may be additional drugs other than those on this list that can make difficulties. Antidepressants and different psychiatric medicines: Amitriptyline (Elavil) Amoxapine (Asendin) Buspirone (Buspar) Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) Clomipramine (Anafranil) Clorazepate (Tranxene) Desipramine (Norpramin) Diazepam (Valium) Doxepin (Sinequan) Fluoxetine (Prozac) Fluphenazine (Prolixin) Imipramine (Tofranil) Isocarboxazid (Marplan) Lorazepam (Ativan) Meprobamate (Equanil) Mesoridazine (Serentil) Nortriptyline (Pamelor) Oxazepam (Serax) Phenelzine (Nardil) Phenytoin (Dilantin) Sertraline (Zoloft) Thioridazine (Mellaril) Thiothixene (Navane) Tranylcypromine (Parnate) Trifluoperazine (Stelazine) Antihistamine medicines (certain classes of antihistamines are also used to treat heartburn): Cimetidine (Tagamet) Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Hydroxyzine (Vistaril) Meclizine (Antivert) Nizatidine (Axid) Promethazine (Phenergan) Ranitidine (Zantac) High blood pressure medicines and diuretics (water pills): Atenolol (Tenormin) Bethanidine Bumetanide (Bumex) Captopril (Capoten) Chlorothiazide (Diuril) Chlorthalidone (Hygroton) Clonidine (Catapres) Enalapril (Vasotec) Furosemide (Lasix) Guanabenz (Wytensin) Guanethidine (Ismelin) Guanfacine (Tenex) Haloperidol (Haldol) Hydralazine (Apresoline) Hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrix) Labetalol (Normodyne) Methyldopa (Aldomet) Metoprolol (Lopressor) Nifedipine (Adalat, Procardia) Phenoxybenzamine (Dibenzyline) Phentolamine (Regitine) Prazosin (Minipress) Propranolol (Inderal) Reserpine (Serpasil) Spironolactone (Aldactone) Triamterene (Maxzide) Verapamil (Calan) Thiazides are the most common cause of erectile dysfunction with high blood pressure medicines. The following most popular cause is beta-blockers. Alpha-blockers tend to be less likely to cause this problem. Parkinson disease drugs: Benztropine (Cogentin) Biperiden (Akineton) Bromocriptine (Parlodel) Levodopa (Sinemet) Procyclidine (Kemadrin) Trihexyphenidyl (Artane) Chemotherapy and hormonal medicines: Antiandrogens (Casodex, Flutamide, Nilutamide) Busulfan (Mylan) Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) Ketoconazole LHRH agonists (Lupron, Zoladex) LHRH agonists (Firmagon) Other medicines: Aminocaproic acid (Amicar) Atropine Clofibrate (Atromid-S) Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) Cyproterone Digoxin (Lanoxin) Disopyramide (Norpace) Dutasteride (Avodart) Estrogen Finasteride (Propecia, Proscar) Furazolidone (Furoxone) H2 blockers (Tagamet, Zantac, Pepcid) Indomethacin (Indocin) Lipid-lowering agents Licorice Metoclopramide (Reglan) NSAIDs (ibuprofen, etc.) Orphenadrine (Norflex) Prochlorperazine (Compazine) Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) Sumatriptan (Imitrex) Opiate analgesics (painkillers): Codeine Fentanyl (Innovar) Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) Meperidine (Demerol) Methadone Morphine Oxycodone (Oxycontin, Percodan) Recreational drugs: Alcohol Amphetamines Barbiturates Cocaine Marijuana Heroin Nicotine? For more Enquiry, you can call us 24*7 7687878787 and talk directly to the doctor
Restless leg syndrom?
DefinitionRestless leg syndrome is a disorder in which there is an urge or need to move the legs to stop unpleasant sensations.Alternative NamesNocturnal myoclonus; RLS; AkathisiaCauses, incidence, and risk factorsRestless leg syndrome (RLS) occurs most often in middle-aged and older adults. Stress makes it worse. The cause is not known in most patients.RLS may occur more often in patients with:Chronic kidney diseaseDiabetesIron deficiencyParkinson's diseasePeripheral neuropathyPregnancyUse of certain medications such as caffeine, calcium channel blockers, lithium, or neurolepticsWithdrawal from sedativesRLS is commonly passed down in families. This may be a factor when symptoms start at a younger age. The abnormal gene has not yet been identified.Restless leg syndrome can result in a decreased quality of sleep (insomnia). This lack of sleep can lead to daytime sleepiness, anxiety or depression, and confusion or slowed thought processes.SymptomsRLS leads to sensations in the lower legs between the knee and ankle. The feeling makes you uncomfortable unless you move your legs. These sensations:Usually occur at night when you lie down, or sometimes during the day when you sit for long periods of timeMay be described as creeping, crawling, aching, pulling, searing, tingling, bubbling, or crawlingMay last for 1 hour or longerSometimes also occur in the upper leg, feet, or armsYou will feel an irresistible urge to walk or move your legs, which almost always relieves the discomfort.Most patients have rhythmic leg movements during sleep hours, called periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD).All of these symptoms often disturb sleep. Symptoms can make it difficult to sit during air or car travel, or through classes or meetings.Symptoms may be worse during stress or emotional upset.Signs and testsThere is no specific test for restless leg syndrome.The health care provider will not usually find any problems, unless you also have peripheral nerve disease.Tests will be done to rule out disorders with similar symptoms, including iron deficiency anemia.TreatmentThere is no known cure for restless leg syndrome.Treatment is aimed at reducing stress and helping the muscles relax. The following techniques may help:Gentle stretching exercisesMassageWarm bathsLow doses of pramipexole (Mirapex) or ropinirole (Requip) can be very effective at controlling symptoms in some people.If your sleep is severely disrupted, your health care provider may prescribe medications such as Sinemet (an anti-Parkinson's medication), gabapentin and pregabalin, or tranquilizers such as clonazepam. However, these medications may cause daytime sleepiness.Patients with iron deficiency should receive iron supplements.Low doses of narcotics may sometimes relieve symptoms of restless leg syndrome.Expectations (prognosis)Restless leg syndrome is not dangerous or life-threatening, and it is not a sign of a serious disorder. However, it can be uncomfortable and disrupt your sleep, which can affect your quality of life.ComplicationsInsomnia may occur.Calling your health care providerCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:You have symptoms of restless leg syndromeYour sleep is disruptedPreventionTechniques to promote muscle relaxation and stress reduction may reduce the incidence of restless leg syndrome in people prone to the condition.ReferencesBiller J, Love BB, Schneck MJ. Sleep and its disorders. In: Bradley WG, Daroff RB, Fenichel GM, Jankovic J, eds. Bradley: Neurology in Clinical Practice. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Butterworth-Heinemann Elsevier; 2008:chap 72.Lang AE. Other movement disorders. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Cecil Medicine. 24th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 417.Reviewed ByReview Date: 09/26/2011Luc Jasmin, MD, PhD, Departments of Anatomy Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, and David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
Parkinson's disease?
DefinitionParkinson's disease is a disorder of the brain that leads to shaking (tremors) and difficulty with walking, movement, and coordination.Alternative NamesParalysis agitans; Shaking palsyCauses, incidence, and risk factorsParkinson's disease was first described in England in 1817 by Dr. James Parkinson. The disease most often develops after age 50. It is one of the most common nervous system disorders of the elderly. Sometimes Parkinson's disease occurs in younger adults, but is rarely seen in children. It affects both men and women.In some cases, Parkinson's disease occurs in families. When a young person is affected, it is usually because of a form of the disease that runs in families.Nerve cells use a brain chemical called dopamine to help control muscle movement. Parkinson's disease occurs when the nerve cells in the brain that make dopamine are slowly destroyed. Without dopamine, the nerve cells in that part of the brain cannot properly send messages. This leads to the loss of muscle function. The damage gets worse with time. Exactly why the brain cells waste away is unknown.Parkinson's in children may occur because the nerves are not as sensitive to dopamine. Parkinson's is rare in children.The term "parkinsonism" refers to any condition that involves the types of movement changes seen in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism may be caused by other disorders (such as secondary parkinsonism) or certain medications.SymptomsThe disorder may affect one or both sides of the body. How much function is lost can vary.Symptoms may be mild at first. For instance, the patient may have a mild tremor or a slight feeling that one leg or foot is stiff and dragging.Symptoms include:Automatic movements (such as blinking) slow or stopConstipationDifficulty swallowingDroolingImpaired balance and walkingLack of expression in the face (mask-like appearance)Muscle achesand pains (myalgia)Problems with movement Difficulty starting or continuing movement, such as starting to walk or getting out of a chairLoss of small or fine hand movements (writing may become small and difficult to read, and eating becomes harder)Shuffling gaitSlowed movementsRigid or stiff muscles (often beginning in the legs)Shaking, tremors Tremors usually occur in the limbs at rest, or when the arm or leg is held outTremors go away during movementOver time, tremor can be seen in the head, lips, tongue, and feetMay be worse when tired, excited, or stressedFinger-thumb rubbing (pill-rolling tremor) may be presentSlowed, quieter speech and monotone voiceStooped positionOther symptoms:Anxiety, stress, and tensionConfusionDementiaDepressionFaintingHallucinationsMemory lossOily skin (seborrhea)Signs and testsThe health care provider may be able to diagnose Parkinson's disease based on your symptoms and a physical examination. However, the symptoms can be difficult to assess, particularly in the elderly. The signs (tremor, change in muscle tone, problems walking, unsteady posture) become more clear as the illness progresses.An examination may show:Difficulty starting or finishing voluntary movementsJerky, stiff movementsMuscle atrophyParkinson's tremorsVariation in heart rateReflexes should be normal.Tests may be needed to rule out other disorders that cause similar symptoms.TreatmentThere is no known cure for Parkinson's disease. The goal of treatment is to control symptoms.Medications control symptoms, mostly by increasing the levels of dopamine in the brain. At certain points during the day, the helpful effects of the medication often wears off, and symptoms can return. Your doctor need to be change the:Type of medicationDoseAmount of time between dosesHow the medications are takenWork closely with your doctors and therapists to adjust the treatment program. Never change or stop taking any medications without talking with your doctor.Many medications can cause severe side effects, including hallucinations, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and delirium. Monitoring and follow-up by the health care provider is important.Eventually, symptoms such as stooped posture, frozen movements, and speech difficulties may not respond very well to drug treatment.Medications used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease are:Levodopa (L-dopa), Sinemet, levodopa and carbidopa (Atamet)Pramipexole (Mirapex), ropinirole (Requip), bromocriptine (Parlodel)Selegiline (Eldepryl, Deprenyl), rasagiline (Azilect)Amantadine or anticholinergic medications -- to reduce early or mild tremorsEntacapone -- to prevent the breakdown of levodopaLifestyle changes that may be helpful for Parkinson's disease:Good general nutrition and healthExercising, but adjusting the activity level to meet changing energy levelsRegular rest periods and avoiding stressPhysical therapy, speech therapy, and occupational therapyRailings or banisters placed in commonly used areas of the houseSpecial eating utensilsSocial workers or other counseling services to help you cope with the disorder and get assistance (such as Meals-on-Wheels)Less commonly, surgery may be an option for patients with very severe Parkinson's disease who no longer respond to many medications. These surgeries do not cure Parkinson's, but may help some patients:In deep brain stimulation (DBS), the surgeon implants electrical stimulators in specific areas of the brain to help with movement.Another type of surgery destroys brain tissues that cause Parkinson's symptoms.Support GroupsSupport groups may help you cope with the changes caused by the disease.See: Parkinson's disease - support groupExpectations (prognosis)Untreated, the disorder will get worse until a person is totally disabled. Parkinson's may lead to a deterioration of all brain functions, and an early death.Most people respond to medications. How much the medications relieve symptoms, and for how long can be very different in each person. The side effects of medications may be severe.ComplicationsDifficulty performing daily activitiesDifficulty swallowing or eatingDisability (differs from person to person)Injuries from fallsPneumonia from breathing in (aspirating) salivaSide effects of medicationsCalling your health care providerCall your health care provider if:You have symptoms of Parkinson's diseaseSymptoms get worseNew symptoms occurAlso tell the health care provider about medication side effects, which may include:Changes in alertness, behavior or moodDelusional behaviorDizzinessHallucinationsInvoluntary movementsLoss of mental functionsNausea and vomitingSevere confusion or disorientationAlso call your health care provider if the condition gets worse and home care is no longer possible.ReferencesLang AE. When and how should treatment be started in Parkinson disease? Neurology. 2009;72(7 Suppl):S39-43.Miyasaki JM, Shannon K, Voon V, Ravina B, Kleiner-Fisman G, Anderson K, et al. Practice Parameter: evaluation and treatment of depression, psychosis, and dementia in Parkinson's disease (an evidence-based review): report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2006;66:996-1002.Pahwa R, Factor SA, Lyons KE, Ondo WG, Gronseth G, Bronte-Stewart H, et al. Practice Parameter: treatment of Parkinson disease with motor fluctuations and dyskinesia (an evidence-based review): report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2006;66:983-995.Suchowersky O, Reich S, Perlmutter J, Zesiewicz T, Gronseth G, Weiner WJ. Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Practice Parameter: diagnosis and prognosis of new onset Parkinson disease (an evidence-based review): report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2006.66:968-975.Weaver FM, Follett K, Stern M, et al. Bilateral deep brain stimulation vs best medical therapy for patients with advanced Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2009;301(1):63-73.
