Bioturbation refers to the reworking and mixing of sediments due to biologic activity. Worms and other burrowing organisms are common producers of bioturbated sediments.
Bioturbation is the mixing of sediments by biological activities, such as burrowing or feeding of organisms like worms, clams, or insects. This process can affect sediment characteristics, nutrient cycling, and overall ecosystem functioning in aquatic and terrestrial environments.
They are important in soil bioturbation, sediment porosity and ground water movement.
The formation of soil is primarily driven by the processes of weathering, organic matter accumulation, and bioturbation. Weathering breaks down rocks into smaller particles through physical, chemical, and biological means. Organic matter accumulates from decomposed plant and animal material, enriching the soil with nutrients. Additionally, bioturbation, caused by organisms like earthworms, helps to mix and aerate the soil, further facilitating its development.
Bioturbation
A biotransfer is a form of bioturbation - the transfer of material by living organisms.
•Biology alters sed structures • •Can change geochem + cement things
•Compaction •Dissolution & precipitation •Authigenesis •Replacement •Bioturbation
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Geological bioturbation is the process where organisms, such as burrowing animals or bottom-dwelling organisms, disturb and mix sediments in the Earth's crust. This activity can create structures and patterns in the sediment layers, influencing the distribution and composition of rocks and minerals. It plays an important role in sedimentary processes and can provide insights into past environmental conditions.
Animals contribute to chemical weathering through processes such as bioturbation, where their activities mix soils and promote chemical reactions. For example, the acids in animal waste can react with rocks and minerals, accelerating their breakdown. Animals can also facilitate the introduction of organic matter into the soil, which can release acids and other compounds that contribute to weathering.
In addition to the commonly used features like cross-bedding, graded bedding, and ripple marks, sedimentary structures such as mud cracks and bioturbation can also help determine the tops and bottoms of tilted beds. Mud cracks typically form in a desiccated environment, indicating the top of a sediment layer, while bioturbation, resulting from organism activity, usually affects the uppermost layers. These structures provide clues about the depositional environment and the orientation of the sedimentary layers.
Tsung-hung Peng has written: 'The impacts of bioturbation on the age difference between benthic and planktonic foraminifera in deep sea sediments' -- subject(s): Foraminifera, Marine sediments