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To begin with, the Murray and Darling Rivers are two separate and distinct rivers. There is no such thing as the "Murray-Darling River", but there is the Murray-Darling River system or basin, which is a vast area of tributaries of both rivers, covering a huge portion of the Australian continent.

The Murray and Darling Rivers are each used for such things as irrigation; damming to provide water supply for drinking; watering stock; transportation of goods (in a limited sense compared to the 1850s and onwards); recreation and tourism.

The Murray River, from its source to its mouth, is about 2575 kilometres long.

The Darling River from its source to where it joins the Murray River, is 1472 kilometres long.

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