A mask or a visor.
A veil
Cover
'hiygab' and its part of the religion. The piece of cloth worn in the Middle Ages was called a wimple. It covers the head and is wrapped around the neck and chin.
Jumpers
A plaid
Sediment.
Usually, a long vestment called a COPE; it has a top snap worn over the alb. Also, a HUMERAL VEIL, a long cloth worn over shoulders used to cover the hands and hold the monstrance
The white garment worn over the clothes is called an alb. Ove the alb another grament is worn called the chasuble, which can be white or other color depending on the season
The type of surcoat or overdress you describe was only fashionable for a short period during the 14th century (around 1325 to 1350). It was called surcote, meaning something worn over the cote or dress (sometimes a tight-fitting cotehardie) and it was closely related to the heraldic surcoat worn by knights over their armour.The link below takes you to an image of the surcoat over a cotehardie:
The outermost garment worn by a priest while saying Mass is called a chasuble.
The process of rocks being worn down and altered over time is called weathering. This can occur through physical processes (such as wind and water erosion) or chemical processes (like oxidation and hydration).
shawls, stoles, capes, serapes and ponchos are or can be worn over the shoulders. Shawls can also be worn over the head and shoulders.