A Makka surah is short and carries a message about oneness of god and the prophethood of the holy prophet. Whilst a madina sura is long, and talks about ethics, and commandments like fasting, praying hajj. etc.
There are 86 Makki suras and 28 Madani Surahs.
There are 114 Suras inthe Qur'an.
Those that deal with warfare and most of the governmental, political and legislative suras originated in Medina.
Alhamdulillah is mentioned at the start of 6 Quran chapters (Suras)
114
114
86 suras
13
The Quran
No. The Qur'an is divided into 116 Suras.
Al-Falaq & Al-Nas.
These are seven Suras.