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The most basic equation for cost of goods sold is as follows:

COGS = PS * CPP

where

PS = products sold

CPP = cost per product to produce

(assuming cost per product to produce does not change with time)

For example, if it costs me $10 to make a widget and I sold 25, the COGS is $250.

Many companies dealing in widgets; however, carry inventories of those widgets. The following equation incorporates inventory:

COGS = (BI - EI + PP) * CPP

where

EI = ending inventory

BI = beginning inventory

PP = products produced

CPP = cost per product to produce

(assuming cost per product to produce does not change with time)

For example, if we started the year with 50 widgets, ended the year with 40 widgets, produced 90 widgets and it still costs $10 to make a widget, the COGS is as follows:

COGS = (50 - 40 + 90) * $10 = we sold 100 widgets * $10 = $1,000

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Q: What is the Equation for cost of goods sold?
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